Ko te kōrero mō Salvador Dali

He tohunga toi surrealist Pāniora a Dali rāua ko Gala, ā, i moe rāua tetahi ki tetahi, ā, i mahi tahi rāua ki te waihanga i ētahi o ā rāua mahi tino rongonui.

I mōhiotia rātou mō ā rātou whakaahua moemoeā me ngā whakaahua pakiwaitara, e whakauru ana i te ao tūroa, i ngā tohu whakapono, me ngā āhuatanga huna o roto i ā rātou peita.

Te Oranga o Salvador Dali i te Wā Tōmua

Ko Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí I Domènech tētahi o ngā kaitoi surrealist rongonui.

Nā tōna pūkenga nui ki te tuhi, i tino tika tana peita i tōna hinengaro kore mohio.

Ko ia te tama a Salvador rāua ko Felipa Dome (Domenech) Dali, ā, i whānau mai i te 11 o Mei 1904 i Figueras, Pāniora.

He notari (he tangata e haina ana i ngā tuhinga nui) te matua o Dali.

I roto i tana pukapuka haurongo, e kī ana a Dali i tōna tamarikitanga, i pāngia ia e te riri nui ki ōna mātua me ōna hoa kura, ā, nā rātou i tukino i a ia.

I haere a Dali ki te Whare Wananga i Figueres, Spain me Colegio de los Hermanos Maristas.

Nō te tau 1921, kua whakatenatenahia e ia tōna pāpā ka taea e ia te tautoko i a ia anō hei kaitoi, ā, i tukuna mai hoki he whakaaetanga ki te haere ki Madrid, Pāniora, ki te whai i tētahi mahi peita.

He nui te pānga o te kaipeita pakiwaitara o Itari, a Giorgio de Chirico, ki a ia (1888–1978).

He tamaiti mātau ia i tīmata ki te peita pikitia auaha i te wā e tamariki ana.

I tua atu, i whakamātau ia i te cubism (he momo toi e whakamahi ana i ngā āhua me ngā āhua ā-ira māmā hei whakaatu i ngā taonga i tētahi ara rerekē i te tikanga, e wero ana i te huarahi noa o te tirohanga mā te tākaro ki ngā tirohanga me te hanga i te toi kia iti ake te āhua tūturu).

I te mutunga, i puritia a Dali e ngā mana whakahaere Pāniora mō tētahi wā poto mō ngā mahi whakahē tōrangapū i mua i tana peinga i te kura toi i te tau 1925.

Te hononga ki te kaupapa Surrealist

I muri i tētahi wā, ka whakawhanakehia e Dali tana tikanga ahurei.

Ka tāia e ia ngā kaupapa rerekē o te ao moemoeā me te tino tika.

He rerekē te tūnga mai o ia mea kua tāia pai i waenganui i ngā mea e karapoti ana, ā, i roto i tētahi wāhi e piko whakarunga ana ki runga.

I muri i tana wehenga atu i te kura, ka puta ko Dali tētahi o ngā kaitoi rongonui o taua wā.

Ko Pablo Picasso te tangata kotahi i tino hiahia ia ki te ako i a rātou.

I tūtaki tuatahi ia ki a Picasso i te tau 1926; he nui te pānga o ngā mahi toi a te tohunga toi Catalan ki a Dali.

I ako anō hoki ia i ngā kaipeita a René Magritte rāua ko Joan Miró.

Ki ngā tāngata whakapono ki ngā mea ngaro o te ao tūturu, he huarahi te toi ki te tūhura i ō rātou hinengaro ngaro.

I te kitenga i ngā peita, i tūtaki tuatahi a Dali ki te kaupapa.

I muri i tērā, i haere ia ki Parī, ki Wīwī, i te tau 1928 ki te tūtaki ki ētahi atu kaitoi surrealist.

Ko tētahi o ana mahi rongonui ko The Persistence of Memory, he whakaahua i te whenua e kī ana i ngā wati pōke e rewa ana.

I te tekau tau atu i 1930, i taupatupatu te whanaungatanga i waenganui i a Dal me ngā kaitātari i ngā mahi toi Surrealist, inā koa ko André Breton, te kaiārahi me te kaihanga o te kaupapa.

Nā tōna wairua whakapehapeha me tana kore e pai ki te urutau i ana mahi me ōna waiaro ki te whāinga Surrealist, ka tipu haere te ngangau i waenga i te rōpū.

Nā te nui haere o te whakahē a Breton i te rongonui me te arumoni o Dali, ka tapaina ia ko "Avida Dollars".

Ahakoa te taupatupatu me ngā whakahē, i haere tonu a Dali ki te whai wāhi atu ki ngā whakaaturanga Surrealist, ā, i nui te aro ki te kaupapa.

I te tau 1934, ko tētahi o ngā kaupapa nui o te oranga o Dali ko te tūtakitanga ki tana wahine, ki a Gala, i moe wahine nei ki tētahi atu tohunga pakiwaitara.

Ko ia te tino awe o ana mahi peita me tōna oranga whaiaro.

Nō te tau 1939, kua motuhia katoatia e Dal ngā hononga ki ngā Surrealist.

I mutu tana hononga ki ngā nekehanga toi me ngā whakahaere i tōna wehenga atu i te rōpū Surrealist.

I noho motuhake tonu ia hei kaitoi mō te toenga o tōna oranga, e waihanga ana i tana ake momo toi, e tūhura ana hoki i ōna ara whakaaroaro me ōna ara mataku.

Ngā Tau i Muri Mai

I te tau 1974, ka mutu te hononga a Dali ki te kaiwhakahaere pakihi Ingarihi, a Peter Moore.

Nā te mea i pērā ai, i hokona atu e ētahi atu kaiwhakahaere ngā mana ki ana mahi toi, me te kore e whakauru i a ia ki roto i tētahi momo hua.

I te tau 1980, i whakatūria e A. Reynolds Morse o Cleveland, Ohio, te rōpū Friends to Save Dali.

I taua wā, kua ngaro te nuinga o ngā taonga a Dali, ā, ko te whāinga a te turanga he whakahoki i a ia ki te tūnga pūtea pumau.

I te Whare Taonga Toi Hou o Madrid i te tau 1983, i whakaatuhia e Dali te nuinga o ana mahi toi.

Nā tēnei whakaaturanga i rongonui ai ia i Pāniora, ā, he tino pai hoki ia ki te whānau kingi o Pāniora me ngā kaikohi nui o te ao.

I muri i tōna whara i te ahi o tōna whare i te tau 1984, ka noho a Dali i runga i te tūru wīra.

I te 23 o Hānuere 1989, ka hemo ia i Figueras, Pāniora.

I mua i tōna matenga, i kite ia i te whakatuwheratanga o ngā whare taonga e rua i whakatapua ki āna mahi toi, arā, ko Teatre-Museu i Figueres ( Te Whare Taonga o Dali ) me te Whare Taonga o Salvador Dali i ST. Petersburg, Florida.

I tēnei rā e maumaharatia ana ia ko tētahi o ngā kaitoi Surrealist nui rawa atu.

Ko te kōrero mō Gala Dali

"Ka tapaina e au taku wahine ko: Gala, Galushka, Gradiva; Oliva, mō te āhua porowhita o tōna mata me te tae o tōna kiri; Oliveta, he kupu iti mō Olive; me ōna kupu whakarara Oliueta, Oriueta, Buribeta, Buriueteta, Suliueta, Solibubuleta, Oliburibuleta, Ciueta, Liueta. Ka tapaina hoki e au ia ko Lionette nā te mea ina riri ia, ka hamama ia pērā i te raiona Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer"

Ko Elena Ivanovna Diakonova (Kazan – Russian Empire, 1894, Cadaques – Spain, 1982) te whakamaharatanga me te wahine ngaro a Salvador Dali.

Mai i te wā i tūtaki ai a Dali rāua ko Gala i te tau 1929, he wāhi nui tō Gala i roto i te oranga o tana tāne.

E 53 tau rāua e noho tahi ana, ā, kāore i wehe.

Te Oranga Tōmua o Gala Dali

I whānau a Galina Sergeevna Dyakonova ki a Sergei rāua ko Anna Dyakonov i te mutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1890 i Moscow, Rūhia.

Tokorua ōna tuākana, ko Vadim rāua ko Nikolai, me tētahi teina, ko Lidia.

I mate te matua o Gala i te tekau mā tahi noa iho o ōna tau. Nō muri mai, ka moe anō tōna whaea i tētahi rōia.

He waimarie mō Gala, i kitea he pai tēnei hononga hou; i whakawhanake ia i ngā hononga piripono ki tōna pāpā whāngai, ā, nāna i tino āwhina i a ia ki te whiwhi mātauranga.

I puta ia i te MG Brukhonenko Academy mō ngā kōtiro taitamariki, ā, he tino rawe āna māka.

Nō muri iho, ka noho ia hei kaiako kura tuatahi, e whakaako ana i ngā akoranga tūmataiti i ngā kāinga o te tangata.

I te tau 1912 ka haere ia ki te hōhipera Clavadel i Huiterangi ki te rongoā i te mate kohi.

I reira ka tūtaki ia ki tana tāne tuatahi, ki a Eugene Grindel (i muri mai ka mōhiotia ko Paul Elurad).

Nō te tau 1917 i moe rāua, ā, i te tau i muri mai ka whānau te tamaiti kotahi a Gala, a Cwcile.

He kaitito a Eluard, ā, he whanaunga tata tōna ki ngā tino tangata rongonui o te kaupapa surrealist, inā koa ko Max Ernst, ko Louis Aragon, ko André Breton.

I te tau 1922, ka tīmata te whakawhanaungatanga a Gala rāua ko Max Ernst, engari i mutu tō rāua hononga i te tau 1924.

He mea whakamiharo hoki tana hononga ki te kaitito a René Char, inā koa ko René Crevel.

I te marama o Āperira 1929, ka haere a Dali ki Parī ki te whakaatu i tana kiriata, ā, i reira ka whakaurua a Salvador ki a Paul Eluard e Camille Goemans, he rangatira whare pikitia.

I karanga a Salvador Dalí i ētahi hoa piripono ki te noho i Cadaqués mō te raumati, tae atu ki a Paul Eluard, Gala, me tā rāua tamāhine a Cécile.

I te tūtakitanga tuatahi ki a Gala, he aroha i te kitenga tuatahi.

I roto i tana pukapuka Secret Life, i mea ia: "I whakaritea a Gala hei Gradiva mōku (ingoa i tangohia mai i te pukapuka nā W. Jensen. Ko Gradiva te toa wahine o te pukapuka nāna i kawe mai te whakaora hinengaro ki te kiripuaki matua o te pukapuka) te tangata e neke whakamua ana ahau—taku wahine, taku wikitoria".

Ā, ka noho tonu a Gala i te taha o te kaipeita mō te toenga o tōna oranga; nō reira, i herea tōna kōrero mō Dalí ake tonu atu.

He Kōrero Aroha mō Gala me Salvador Dalí

I tūtaki tuatahi a Gala rātou ko tōna whānau me ōna hoa ki a Dali i te tau 1929 i a rātou e haere ana ki Cadaques.

Nā Camille Goemans, te rangatira o te taiwhanga toi, te kaitito hoki o Belgian, i whakauru a Dali ki a Eluard i Parī.

Ahakoa te rerekētanga o te pakeketanga o Dali rāua ko Gala, i tere tonu te whanake o te aroha i waenganui i a Dali rāua ko Gala.

I te tau 1934 i marenatia rāua i roto i te kawa ā-ture.

I te tīmatanga, kāore te matua o Dali i whakaae ki te hononga nā te mea kāore ia i hiahia kia noho tētahi wahine Rūhia kua whakarerea hei hoa mō āna tama.

Ahakoa ngā whakahē a ngā iwi rerekē, i neke tahi tonu te tokorua nei ki te noho tahi.

Ko Gala te whakamaharatanga a Dal, te kaupapa o tana mahunga, ā, nāna ia i whakaatu i a ia i roto i te maha o ana mahi toi.

I roto i tana pukapuka haurongo ko "My Secret Life," i kī ia, "Ko ia te mea i whakaarohia kia riro hei Gradiva māku, hei tangata e hikoi whakamua ana, hei toa māku, hei wahine marena māku".

Nā Gala ia i akiaki ki te peita, ā, he nui tōna pānga ki tana mahi toi.

I te tau 1958 i marena ai a Gala rāua ko Dali i roto i tētahi hui Katorika i te whare karakia o ngā Angels e tata ana ki Girona.

I te tau 1968, ka hokona e Dali te Gala Castle i Pubol, Girona, ā, ka whakaae ia kāore ia e haere ki reira me te kore whakaae a Dali.

E ai ki a Dali, ko Gala te "whetu hinga tino kitea, te whetu tino mārama, me te whetu tino mutunga kore".

I mate a Gala i te 10 o Hune, 1982, e rua tau i mua i a Dali.

Kei te whare huna o te whare rangatira o Pubol ia e noho ana, he wāhanga o te whenua e puritia ana e te Gala Salvador Dali Foundation, ā, he wāhi rongonui mō ngā tūruhi i ēnei rā.

I roto i tana pukapuka "Diary of Genius" i mea a Dali, "E aroha ana ahau ki a ia nui atu i tōku pāpā, nui atu i tōku māmā, nui atu i a Picasso, ā, nui atu anō hoki i te moni."

Mā te tuhi i tēnei tīkiti whakakotahi mō te Whare Taonga o Dali me te Whare o Dali , ka kite pea koe i te pūrākau aroha hihiri engari pōhewa hoki o tētahi o ngā kaitoi surrealism nui rawa atu.

Kaua e wareware ki te tirotiro i ngā hāora tuwhera kia kore ai e pouri.

Ngā Pukapuka Kōrero mō Salvador Dali

He maha ngā pukapuka e wātea ana mō te oranga me ngā mahi a Salvador Dali, mai i ngā kōrero mō ngā kōrero mō tōna oranga ki ngā pukapuka hītori toi. Anei ētahi o ngā kōwhiringa rongonui:

• Te Oranga Ngaro o Salvador Dali
  Kaituhi - Salvador Dali
  Mō Salvador Dali - Kei roto i te kōrero poto mō te oranga o Dali nā Dali tonu i whakamārama tōna ao me tana mahi auaha.

• Dali: Ngā Peita
  Kaituhi - Robert Descharnes
  Mōhiohio - He rārangi pukapuka whānui tēnei o ngā peita a Dali, me ngā tuhinga roa me ngā tātaritanga.

• Salvador Dali: Te Hanganga o tētahi Kaiwaiata
  Kaituhi - Catherine Grenier
  Mōhiohio - Kei roto i tēnei pukapuka te kōrero mō tōna tamarikitanga, tōna mātauranga, me tōna tīmatanga hei kaitoi.

• Dali me tōna ao
  Kaituhi - Patricia Railing
  Mōhiohio - Kei roto i tēnei pukapuka he tirohanga whānui mō te oranga me ngā mahi a Dali, tae atu ki te horopaki ahurea me te horopaki hītori i noho ai ia.

• Salvador Dali: Te kaiwhakakatakata Surrealist
  Kaituhi - Mike Venezia
  Mōhiohio - Ka whakamōhio tēnei pukapuka tamariki i te oranga me ngā mahi toi a Dali ki ngā kaipānui rangatahi i roto i tētahi huarahi ngahau, ngāwari hoki.

Whakaahua Matua: Theartstory.org