Te Whare Taonga o Duomo i Milan – Te Pouaka Taonga o te Whare Karakia
Apurva Sinha
·14 min read
Kei te papa o raro o te Whare Ariki te Whare Taonga o Duomo, kei tērā taha tonu o te Duomo di Milano. He maha ngā manuhiri e whiriwhiri ana ki te tūhura i te whare taonga i muri i tā rātou haerenga ki te whare karakia nui, me te hikoi mā roto i te Piazza kia tae atu ai ki tōna tomokanga.
He haerenga tino pai te haerenga ki te whare taonga hei whai i te haerenga ki te Whare Karakia o Milan. E manaaki ana te whare taonga i ngā manuhiri i ia rā, engari ko ngā Wenerei, mai i te 10 i te ata ki te 7 i te ahiahi, ā, ko te tomokanga whakamutunga e whakaaetia ana i te 6 i te ahiahi. Kei roto i tēnei tuhinga ngā mea katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe mō te Whare Taonga o Duomo, mai i ngā tīkiti ki ngā mahi toi rangatira kaua e mahue.
Tikiti mō te Haere ki te Whare Taonga o Duomo
Kei te wātea ngā tīkiti whakauru ki te whare taonga me ngā tīkiti whakauru ki te whare karakia. Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i te tīkiti whakauru ki te whare karakia me te whare taonga , te tīkiti whakauru rānei ki te whare karakia, ki te tuanui me te whare taonga. Mā te tīkiti whakauru katoa ka taea te whakauru ki te whare karakia o Duomo di Milano, ki te tuanui, ki ngā wāhi whaipara tangata, ki te Whare Taonga o Duomo me te Hāhi o San Gottardo.
Ko te kōwhiringa iti rawa ko te tīkiti tomo ki te whare karakia nui me te whare taonga, he €14 te utu mō ngā pakeke (19+) me te €8 mō ngā tamariki (6 ki te 18 tau). He kore utu te tomo ki te whare taonga mō ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te rima tau.
Kia mōhio: Kāore e taea te whakauru ki te Whare Taonga o Duomo mā te tikiti whakauru māmā noa iho o te Duomo di Milano. Me whiriwhiri koe i te tikiti o te whare karakia me te whare taonga hei toro atu ki te Opera Del Duomo.
Te Hītori me te Kaupapa o te Whare Taonga
I te rautau 19, ko te wāhi e nohoia ana e te whare taonga i te wā tuatahi kāore i te whakaarohia hei tirohanga mā te marea. I whakamahia hei "Opera del Duomo," te wāhi i mahi pukumahi ai ngā kaitoi me ngā kaimahi toi, i hanga whakairo, peita, me ētahi atu mahi toi mō te whare karakia nui.
I te tata o te otinga o te Duomo, ka neke te aro mai i te mahi auaha ki te tiaki i te taiao. Ko ngā mahi toi kāore i te hiahiatia mō roto o te whare karakia nui, i kiia rānei he tawhito rawa mō te whakaatu, i kitea he piringa ki tēnei wāhi. I te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, ka puta te whakaaro mō tētahi whare taonga motuhake, ā, ko te "Opera del Duomo" i riro mana hei Whare Taonga o Duomo, ā, i te tau 1921 ka manaakihia te marea.
Kaupapa
E whakaatu ana te Whare Taonga o Duomo i te hiranga toi me te hītori o ana kohinga nui kua rautau te pakeke. He pokapū tēnei mō te whakapuaki i te taonga tuku iho ahurea me te toi e hono ana ki te Duomo. Haunga te tiaki i ngā taonga tuku iho, ka whakatairangahia e te whare taonga te rangahau me te mātauranga mō ngā toi me ngā hoahoanga o te whare karakia nui. Mā roto i ngā whakaaturanga rangitahi, ngā kaupapa mātauranga, me ngā kaupapa whakaora, ka honoa e te whare taonga te hītori whai rawa o te Duomo me tōna hiranga o nāianei.
Te Tahora o te Whare Taonga o Duomo
E 6,000 mita pūrua te rahi o te Whare Taonga o Duomo, e toru ngā papa, e 28 ngā rūma. He tirohanga whakamīharo ki ngā mahi toi rangatira, e whakaatuhia ana i runga i te āhua i whakaarohia kia kitea.
- Kei te wāhanga Taonga ngā taonga karakia pērā i ngā taputapu mahi minita me ngā pukapuka rongopai.
- E tata ana, kei te wāhanga Duomo te tauira rakau nui o te whare karakia.
- Kaua e mahue te rūma matapihi karāhe tae, kei reira ngā matapihi matatini e kōrero ana i ngā kōrero mai i te Paipera me te oranga o te hunga tapu.
- He wheako mooni mariko anō hoki kei reira hei kawe i a koe ki te rua kōhatu o Candoglia, te wāhi i tangohia ai te māpere mō te Duomo.
I whakahoutia te whare taonga i te tau 2015, ā, i tāpirihia he wāhi whakaaturanga hou. I whakahoutia te Teatro degli Intrepid kia nui ake ngā wāhi whakaaturanga me ngā ratonga. Neke atu i te 750 ngā taonga kei roto, tae atu ki ngā whakairo, ngā peita, ngā whatu, me ngā tauira hoahoanga, e tiakina ana e ngā pouaka matatau e whakahaeretia ana te āhuarangi. He tino kukume tēnei whare taonga ahurei i ngā manuhiri ki te hītori whai rawa o te Duomo me ngā mahi toi whakamiharo.
Ngā Whakairo i te Whare Taonga o Milan Duomo (Papa o raro)
I roto i ngā kohinga o te whare taonga, ko ngā whakairo te mea nui, e whakaatu ana i te whanaketanga toi o te Duomo me ngā kaiwhakairo i whai wāhi ki tōna whakahirahira. Anei tētahi huarahi hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatere i te ao whai rawa o ngā whakairo kei roto i te whare taonga:
Tīmata ki ngā Whakairo o te Mata
Ina tomo tuatahi koe ki te whare taonga, tīmatahia tō tūhuratanga ki ngā Whakairo Mata o te whenua. He whānuitanga o ngā whakairo i hangaia tuatahitia mō waho o te Duomo ka kitea i konei. E whakaatu ana ēnei peita i ngā momo tangata whakapono, ngā tapu, me ngā gargoyle whakairo. He maha ngā rautau i hangaia ai, mai i te 14 ki te 19. Kia pai ki te mahi toi pai o ia whakairo me te tikanga tohu mā te whai wā. Kia aro ki ngā mahi a ngā kaiwhakairo rongonui pērā i a Jacopino da Tradate me Agostino Busti.
Te Whakapakoko o Hato Pātoromu
Ko tētahi whakairo whakamere o te kohinga ko te Whakairo o Hato Pātoromu, me tirotiro e koe. Ko tēnei whakairo nui, i hangaia e Marco d'Agrate i te haurua whakamutunga o te rautau 16, e whakaatu ana i te tapu e pupuri ana i tōna kiri haehae. Ko tōna āhua whakaari me tōna whakapuakitanga ka waiho hei whakaaro pumau ki a koe. He pikitia whakamiharo o te whakapono me te matekiri.
Ngā Tauira Terracotta
Kei roto i te whare taonga he kohinga tauira whenua whakamīharo. Ko ēnei tauira he hoahoa tōmua mō ngā whakairo e whakapaipai ana i te aroaro o te Duomo i ēnei rā. Mā te whakaahua i te ariā taketake o ngā whakairo i mua i te hanganga o te kōhatu ka kitea he tirohanga ahurei ki te tukanga toi. He mea whakamīharo te kite i te whanaketanga o ēnei mahi toi, me te ako atu mō te mahi toi e uru ana ki roto.
Tirohia te "Sala delle Cariatidi" (Hall of the Caryatids)
Kei roto i tēnei wāhanga he kohinga whakapakoko e mōhiotia ana ko ngā Caryatids, arā, ngā whakapakoko wahine e tautoko ana i ngā hanganga hoahoanga. Kāore i whakanohoia ngā Caryatids, kei roto i te Whare Taonga o Duomo i nāianei. I te tīmatanga, i whakaarohia kia whakanohoia ki runga i te pronaos o te whare karakia. Nā te momo me te hoahoanga tuku iho o te Duomo i ātaahua ai ēnei whakairo.
Ngā Tauira Hoahoa i te Whare Taonga o Duomo (Papa o raro)
He maha ngā taonga toi me ngā taonga tuku iho o te Duomo Museum o Milan, engari he taonga nui te wāhi e whakatapua ana ki ngā tauira hoahoanga mō te hunga e aroha ana ki te hoahoanga. Mā ēnei tāruatanga iti taipitopito ka taea e tātou te mātakitaki i te whanaketanga o te hanganga me te hoahoa o te Duomo i ngā rautau te roa.
Te Mahi Matua Rākau: Modelone
Ko te Modellone a Bernardino Zenale, i hangaia e ia i te tau 1519 i te rakau raima, te nati wōnati, me te paina, kāore e kore ko te whetu kanapa o te kohinga. He mahi toi rangatira, ko tēnei tauira rakau nui te tauira hoahoanga nui rawa atu me te tawhito rawa atu o te Duomo. E whakaatu ana i te whare karakia katoa, me ngā tihi whakairo, ngā poupou rere, ngā tihi, me ētahi atu taipitopito kāore i whakaurua ki te hoahoa whakamutunga.
Mō ngā rautau, ehara te Modelone i te whakaaturanga tūmau noa iho; he tauira hoahoa mahi tonu. I whakahoutia tonutia te tauira me ngā whakarerekētanga hei whakauru i ngā whakarerekētanga hoahoa i te wā e hangaia ana te Duomo. Tērā pea ka āwhina tēnei whakaaturanga whakamere i ngā manuhiri ki te mārama ki te āhua mahi tahi me te hihiri o te whare o te whare karakia nui.
Kei tua atu i te Modellone: He Tirohanga ki ngā Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero mō te Hoahoa
E whakaatuhia ana ngā whakatau hoahoa me ngā tautohe a te Duomo mā roto i ngā tauira hoahoanga maha kei roto i te whare taonga. Ko ngā tauira i hangaia e ngā kaihoahoa pērā i a Francesco Castelli rāua ko Carlo Buzzi e whakaatu ana i tētahi whakataetae ki te hoahoa i te taha mua o te whare karakia o te rautau 17.
He maha ngā tirohanga ka tukuna ki ngā kaimātakitaki, ko ētahi o ēnei e tautoko ana i te momo Gothic e hangai ana ki te toenga o te hoahoa o Duomo. He rerekē, ko ētahi e whakaatu ana i te momo Baroque hou. Ka tukuna e ēnei tauira he tirohanga whakamere ki ngā tautohetohe auaha me ngā reka i hanga i te hoahoa whakamutunga.
Rūma Taonga (Papa Tuatahi)
Kei te papa tuatahi o te Whare Taonga o Duomo i Milan te Rūma Taonga, e karapotia ana e ngā taonga tuku iho i whakamahia puta noa i te hītori roa o te Duomo.
- Ngā kapu i hangaia ki te koura me te hiriwa: I ngā wā o te karakia Eucharist, i puritia te waina i roto i ēnei kapu whakapaipai, me whai kōhatu ataahua, whakairo, me ngā whakapaipai ataahua.
- Ko ngā oko toto he ipu hei pupuri i ngā taonga tapu, pērā i ngā wheua, i ngā kongakonga kākahu o te hunga tapu, o ētahi atu tino whakapono rānei.
He mea hanga pinepine ēnei ki ngā kohatu utu nui me ngā konganuku utu nui. - Ngā Ripeka: Tērā pea kei roto i te Rūma Taonga ētahi ripeka uma iti e mau ana i ngā tohunga, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā ripeka whakataki, arā, ngā ripeka nunui e amohia ana i ngā whakataki whakapono.
Ka taea te hanga i ēnei ripeka mai i ngā rauemi utu nui, me te whakapaipai i aua ripeka ki ngā kohatu utu nui, ki te enamel rānei. - Ngā Taonga Karakia Tāpiri: Haunga ngā tūrama rama, ka whakamahia ngā tahu whakakakara i roto i ngā karakia hei tahu whakakakara, tae atu ki ngā kākahu whakapaipai e mau ana i ngā minita i ngā wā karakia nui.
Ngā Tāpare (Papa Tuatahi)
Kei te papa tuatahi o te Whare Taonga o Duomo i Milan tētahi kohinga whakairo whakamīharo, e tatari ana kia kitea. Mā ēnei mahi toi whatu ka kitea ngā tikanga toi me ngā kōrero whakapono o tō rātou wā, ehara i te mea he taonga whakapaipai noa iho.
Anei tētahi tirohanga pai ake ki ngā mea kei te wātea māu:
- Ngā Kaupapa Kanorau
He maha ngā kaupapa e whakaatuhia ana e ngā whāriki, ko te nuinga e aro nui ana ki ngā kiripuaki o te Paipera me ngā kōrero whakapono. Tērā pea ka kitea ngā wāhanga o te Kawenata Tawhito, pērā i te oranga o Mohi, ngā kōrero rānei mō Āperahāma rāua ko Ihaka. Mā ngā whāriki e whakaatu ana i te oranga o Ihu Karaiti, tae atu ki tōna haputanga, āna whakaakoranga, me tōna whakamatenga, ka tino kitea te Kawenata Hou. - Neke atu i ngā Kōrero Whakapono
Haunga te kōrero i ngā kōrero whakapono, ka taea e ngā whariki te whakarato i ngā māramatanga ki ngā nekehanga toi me ngā tikanga o te wā i hangaia ai. Kia aro ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakaatu i ngā āhua tangata me ngā kare ā-roto, te whakamahi i ngā tae kanapa, me ngā tauira raranga uaua. Tērā pea ka tāpirihia he paparanga o te horopaki ā-rohe ki te kohinga mā te whakauru i ngā kiripuaki rongonui o te hītori o Milan ki roto i ētahi o ngā whariki. - Ngā Mahi Toi hei Rapu
Ahakoa he mea whakamīharo te kohinga katoa o ngā whariki, he mea tino nui ētahi:
- He kohinga rongonui ngā Tapestries o Gonzaga, i kohaina e Hato Charles Borromeo, he kanapa ngā tae me ngā taipitopito ataahua e whakaatu ana i ngā kaupapa o te oranga o Mohi.
- He whatu whakairo ātaahua a The Cherub's Games, he rerekē rawa atu i ngā kaupapa whakapono nui ake.
Kei roto ko ngā kerupa e whai wāhi ana ki ngā momo kēmu.
Ngā Matapihi Karaehe Whakairo (Papa Tuatahi)
Kei te taumata tuatahi o te Whare Taonga o Duomo i Milan he kohinga ataahua o ngā matapihi karaihe tae. I mua he wāhanga o ngā pakitara o te Duomo, he mahi toi ātaahua, whakamīharo hoki ēnei matapihi e whakaatu ana i ngā kōrero hītori me ngā kōrero whakapono.
Ka tiaho ēnei matapihi i te rā, e whakaatu ana i ngā kikorangi whai kiko, whero, me te kōwhai. He mea whakamiharo te whakamahinga o ēnei tae kanapa. E whakaatu ana i ngā kōrero o te Paipera me ngā huihuinga whakapono, e whakaatu ana ia panui i ngā āhuatanga nui ki te whakapono Karaitiana.
He tauira whakamiharo ēnei matapihi Renaissance o te toi Renaissance. He tino taipitopito, he matatau hoki te whakamahi i te mata hei whakaatu i te tirohanga me te hohonutanga. Mā te mārama ki te reo tirohanga o ēnei matapihi, e whakaoho ana i te aroha, ka kitea ngā nekehanga hītori, toi me ngā whakapono whakapono.
HE MEA WHAKAMĪHARO
Mā te āwhina o te ao mariko, ka taea e ngā manuhiri ki te Whare Taonga o Duomo te whiriwhiri i tētahi wheako ahurei, e kore e warewaretia. I roto i te rua kohatu o Candoglia, ka tangohia te māpere mō te whare karakia nui mai i te Cava Madre. Rētihia he kaimātakitaki hei tīmata i tētahi haerenga mariko o te rohe. Whai muri i te taraiwa ki Val D'Ossola, ka taea e koe te kite tata atu i te tukanga tango i ngā poraka o te maunga me te pūkenga o ngā kaiwhakairo. Ka taea hoki e koe te hikoi i runga i te papa iri tata ki te 20 mita te teitei i whakamahia tuatahitia hei neke i te māpere.
Ngā Mahi mō ngā Pakeke me ngā Tamariki
He maha ngā huihuinga me ngā awheawhe e whakaratohia ana e te Whare Taonga o Milan Duomo mō ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki.
- Ka taea e ngā pakeke te tūhura i ngā toi, ngā hoahoanga, me te hītori o te Duomo mā roto i ngā haerenga ārahi e whakarato ana i ngā kōrero taipitopito mō te hiranga me te hītori o te whakamaharatanga.
- He wā anō ka tū ngā awheawhe e arotahi ana ki ngā kaupapa motuhake, tae atu ki te peita, te hoahoanga rānei.
- Mā ngā haerenga whānau me ngā wā taunekeneke ka whai wāhi ngā tamariki ki te ako mō te hītori me te hoahoanga o te Duomo.
- Mā ngā awheawhe auaha ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakaatu i te auahatanga i a rātou e ako ana mō tēnei tohu rongonui.
He maha ngā reanga me ngā hiahia e pārekareka ana ki ēnei kaupapa, ā, he mea whakangahau te whare taonga mō ngā manuhiri o ngā tini āhuatanga o te ao.
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