8 Ngā Whare Karakia Ataahua o te Ao Me Haere Ki Te Haere
Apurva Sinha
·16 min read
Tirohia te hītori, te hoahoanga, me ngā hāora whakatuwheratanga o ngā whare karakia nui rawa atu. Anei ētahi o ngā whare karakia nui me toro atu ki te ao me ā rātou tīkiti. Pukahia tāu! Nā te hiranga o te hapori, kua mau i ngā hāhi te huarahi me te mana ki te tiaki i te hītori me te tautoko i ngā mahi auaha, he maha ngā wā he taonga, he toi. Ahakoa te āhua auau o te toro atu ki ngā hāhi, ko ētahi he nui ake i te mea noa. Ko ngā hāhi pai rawa atu o te ao ko ngā mea e kapi ana i te hītori, i te pakiwaitara rānei, e whakamanamana ana i te ataahua e miharo ai ngā kaimātakitaki.
I ngā wā o mua, he wāhi tapu ngā whare karakia mō te inoi me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā atua. I ēnei rā, he wāhi tapu tonu ēnei, engari he tokomaha e toro atu ana mō ngā huihuinga motuhake, hei tūruhi rānei. Ahakoa kī tonu te ao i ngā whare karakia, he torutoru noa iho e kukume ana i te ataahua me te rahi o te whare karakia, e whakanui ana i a rātou ki tua atu i ngā wāhi karakia noa iho. Anei tētahi rārangi o ngā whare karakia tino ataahua o te ao e tika ana kia waiho hei wāhi mō tō rārangi haerenga.
1. Te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita, Te Tāone o Vatican
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 7 i te ata ki te 7 i te ahiahi
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 1626
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Te ata pō, te ahiahi rānei
Te utu tīkiti: €25
Wāhi: Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano, Vatican City | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
Ahakoa ko te Tāone o Vatican te pokapū wairua o te Hāhi Katorika, he maha ngā wāhi e wātea ana mō ngā manuhiri katoa. Ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita, te whare karakia nui rawa atu o te ao, he wāhi rongonui. I tapaina i muri i a Hato Pita, tētahi o ngā ākonga a Ihu, ā, he tangata matua ia i roto i te whakatūnga o te Hāhi Katorika.
E whakamanamana ana te whare karakia i tētahi hoahoa Renaissance Itari i hangaia e ngā tohunga hoahoa whare pērā i a Bramante, Bernini, Michelangelo, me Maderno. I tīmata te hanganga i te tau 1506, ā, i mutu i te tau 1626. Kei roto i tēnei whare rongonui ngā taonga o ngā mano tau te pakeke, tae atu ki ngā peita, ngā whakairo, me te Pieta rongonui a Michelangelo. Koinei hoki te wāhi okiokinga whakamutunga o Hato Hoani Paora Tuarua.
2. Te Whare Karakia o Notre-Dame, Parī
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 9.30 i te ata ki te 6 i te ahiahi
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 1345
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Ata
Te utu tīkiti: €30
Wāhi: 6 Parvis Notre-Dame – Pl. Jean-Paul II, 75004 Paris, France | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
Kei waenganui o Parī, Wīwī te Whare Karakia o Notre-Dame, he mahi toi rongonui. He rongonui puta noa i te ao, ā, e tū ana hei tihi o te hoahoanga Gothic Wīwī. Ko te rongonui o te whare karakia kei roto i ana mahi toi tino ataahua, e whakaatuhia ana e ngā gargoyle hoahoa uaua me ngā matapihi karaihe tae rongonui o te ao.
I roto i ōna taiepa tapu, kei reira ngā taonga tuku iho utu nui, tae atu ki te Karauna o ngā tataramoa me tētahi wāhanga o te Ripeka Pono. Ahakoa i pāngia e te ahi nui i te tau 2019, kei te noho tonu te Whare Karakia o Notre Dame hei wāhi nui mō ngā tūruhi e haere ana ki Parī. Nā te mea kua kati te whare karakia mō te whakahoutanga, ka taea e koe te haereere i waho, i te mariko rānei.
3. Te Whare Karakia o Westminster, Rānana
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 9.30 i te ata ki te 3.30 i te ahiahi
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 1269
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Te ata pō
Te utu tīkiti: €33
Wāhi: Dean's Yard, Rānana SW1P 3PA, Te Hononga o Ingarangi | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
Kei waenganui o Rānana te Whare Karakia o Westminster , he whare karakia e tika ana mō te hunga rangatira. Kua kite tēnei whare karakia tawhito i ngā rautau o ngā karaunatanga o Peretānia, ā, he wāhi okiokinga whakamutunga hoki mō ngā kīngi. I hangaia i te tau 1065, ko te hanganga o nāianei e tata ana ki te Whare Ariki o Westminster e pupuri ana i ngā hononga hohonu ki te Whānau Ariki o Peretānia. Ka taea e ngā manuhiri te tūhura i ngā wāhi rongonui o tēnei mahi toi Gothic, tae atu ki ngā whakamaharatanga me ngā urupā whakamīharo. Ko te Poet's Corner, he wāhanga o te whare karakia, e whakanui ana i ngā toa tuhituhi pērā i a Chaucer, Dickens, me TS Eliot, me te whakanui anō hoki i ngā rangatira o mua.
4. Te Whare Karakia o Cologne, Cologne
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 10 i te ata ki te 5 i te ahiahi (Rātapu: 1 i te ahiahi ki te 4 i te ahiahi)
Tau i whakatuwheratia ai: 1880
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Te ata pō
Te utu tīkiti: €24
Tauwāhi: Domkloster 4, 50667 Köln, Tiamana | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
Kei waenganui o Cologne, Tiamana, te Whare Karakia o Cologne, he tauira whakamiharo o te hoahoanga Gothic. Kei roto tēnei hanganga whakamiharo i ngā whare karakia nui rawa atu o te ao, ā, he tohu rongonui hoki mō te tāone. He rongonui mō ōna taipitopito uaua, tae atu ki ngā matapihi karaihe tae ataahua, ngā tihi whakahīhī, me te hoahoa Gothic whakamiharo, he tohu te whare karakia ki te tohungatanga hoahoanga.
Neke atu i te ono rautau te roa o te wā hanga, ā, ko tētahi o ngā whare karakia tino whakamiharo o Ūropi. He whakairo kōhatu matatini me ngā matapihi karaihe tae whakamiharo e mihi ana ki ngā manuhiri. He haerenga hohonu tēnei mā roto i ngā hoahoanga me ngā hītori o Ūropi. He mea nui te toro atu ki te Whare Karakia o Cologne nā te mea he tino pūkenga āna mahi toi me ana kaiwhaiwhai ahurea tuku iho.
5. Te Whare Karakia o Hato Maka, Venice
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 9.30 i te ata ki te 5.15 i te ahiahi
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 1094
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: I te pō
Te utu tīkiti: €29
Tauwāhi: P.za San Marco, 328, 30100 Venezia VE, Itari | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
Ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Maka, e whakapaipai ana i te Piazza San Marco rongonui, he whakaaturanga whakamiharo o te hoahoanga Itari Byzantine. He tohu tēnei mō te papai me te awe o Venice i tōna wā tino rangatira. I hangaia i te rautau 11, i tapaina te whare karakia ko "te Hāhi Koura" mō te whakamahinga nui o tēnei konganuku utu nui hei whakapaipai.
He mea tino kitea tēnei, mai i te raiona parirau koura e whakapaipai ana i te mata o mua o te whare karakia ki te maha o ngā mosaic koura e karapoti ana i roto. He whakaaturanga whakamiharo te Basilica o Hato Maka i te taonga tuku iho ahurea me te hoahoanga o Venice.
6. Duomo o Milano, Milan
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 9 i te ata ki te 6 i te ahiahi i ia rā
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 1965
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Te ata pō
Te utu tīkiti: €20
Wāhi: P.za del Duomo, 20122 Milano MI, Itari | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
He nui ngā whare karakia me ngā whare karakia nui o Itari, engari ko te Duomo i Milan te whare karakia nui rawa atu o te motu. E kiia ana ko te Whare Karakia o Milan , he mea whakamiharo nui a te ao Gothic te Duomo, ā, e ono rau tau te roa o tōna hanganga. Ko tōna tūnga hei te tuatoru o ngā whare karakia nui rawa atu o te ao mō te rahi he tohu i tōna rahi me tōna kororia.
He mea whakapaipai ki ngā taipitopito matatini, ka taea te tirotiro tata atu i ngā tihi me ngā tihi o te Duomo ina toro atu koe ki tōna tuanui. Mā te tomo ki roto ka kitea he ataahua ake, me tōna papa taera ataahua e tāpiri atu ana ki te mīharo o te hoahoanga o tēnei hanganga rongonui.
7. Sagrada Familia, Barcelona
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 9 i te ata ki te 6 i te ahiahi
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 2010
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Te ata pō
Te utu tīkiti: €33
Wāhi: C/ de Mallorca, 401, 08013 Barcelona, Spain | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
I tīmata te hanganga o te Sagrada Familia Basilica, he whare karakia rongonui puta noa i te ao, i te tau 1882. Mai i taua wā, kua noho ko ia tētahi o ngā tohu whenua rongonui o Barcelona, e kukume ana i te miriona manuhiri mai i te ao katoa. I tukuna tuatahitia ki te kaihoahoa a Francesc de Paula Villar, ā, i kite te kaupapa i tētahi panonitanga nui i te wā i riro ai i te kaihoahoa matakite a Antonio Gaudi te mana whakahaere i te mutunga o te tau 1883. He nui ake te tirohanga a Gaudi, he mīharo hoki, me te whakaaro ki tētahi temepara nui e rima ngā naves, he transept, he apse, he walkway o waho, e toru ngā matapae, me te 18 ngā pourewa.
Ko tēnei kaupapa te mea tino uaua, tino ahurei hoki i roto i te mahi a Gaudi, e 43 tau te roa o tōna oranga. I whakawhiwhia te wāhanga i hangaia e Gaudi ki te mana Tuku Iho o te Ao UNESCO i te tau 2005, ā, e tūmanakohia ana ka oti te hanganga i te tau 2026, hei whakanui i te rau tau o te matenga o Gaudi. Ko te Sagrada Familia te whare karakia teitei rawa atu o te ao ina oti.
8. Cathedral of Santa Maria Del Fiore, Florence
Ngā Hāora Whakatuwheratanga: 10.15 i te ata ki te 3.45 i te ahiahi
Tau i Whakatuwheratia ai: 1436
Te wā pai ki te toro atu: Te ata pō
Te utu tīkiti: $30
Wāhi: Piazza del Duomo, 50122 Firenze FI, Itari | Tikina ngā Tohutohu
I te mutunga o te rautau 13, nā Arnolfo di Cambio i hoahoate Whare Karakia o Florence . I whakatapua ki a Santa Maria del Fiore, e tohu ana i te rengarenga tohu o te tāone. Ko te tuatoru o ngā whare karakia nui rawa atu o te ao, kei muri i a Saint Peter's i Rōma me Saint Paul's i Rānana anake. I te wā i whakatapua ai i te tau 1436, ko ia te whare karakia nui rawa atu o Ūropi. I whakatūria ki runga i te Whare Karakia o Santa Reparata o mua, ka taea te tūhura i ōna toenga mā te nave. Ko te taha waho, kua whakapaipaihia inaianei ki te māpere polychrome, i kitea he roa te korenga o te whakaoti.
Ko te mata taketake, i hangaia tetahi wāhanga i runga i te mahere a Arnolfo di Cambio, i whakahoroa i te mutunga o te rautau 16, ā, i whakakapia ki te mea o nāianei i te mutunga o te rautau 19. I roto, e karapoti ana te tira waiata nui i te aata matua, e arahina ana e te Cupola. E whakamanamana ana te whare karakia nui ki ngā matapihi karāhe tae e 44 i hangaia e ngā kaitoi rongonui o te rautau 15, tae atu ki a Donatello, Andrea del Castagno, me Paolo Uccello.
Ngā Mea Hei Mahara i mua i te Haerenga ki ngā Whare Karakia o te Ao
I mua i te haerenga ki ngā whare karakia nui o te ao, me maumahara koe ki ētahi whakaaro whai hua. Mā ēnei aratohu māmā ka whakarei ake i tō wheako, ā, ka whakarite kia whakaatu koe i te whakaute ki ngā wāhi tapu ka tūhuratia e koe. Nō reira, ki te mea he manuhiri tuatahi koe, anei ētahi mea nui hei maumahara i mua i te takahi atu ki ēnei whare karakia nui.
Kākahu Tika
He mea whakahāwea te mau i ngā kākahu e whakaatu ana i te tangata, pērā i ngā remu poto, ngā koti kore ringaringa, ngā kākahu poto rānei, i roto i ngā huihuinga whakapono. Hei karo i ngā raruraru, he mea tika kia mauria he hāri, he hāri, he koti rānei ka taea te takai ki runga i ō pakihiwi, ki tō hope rānei mēnā e tika ana.
Rangahau i mua
I mua i te haerenga ki tētahi hāhi, he mea pai kia rangahauhia ngā tikanga me ngā mahi e pā ana ki taua whakapono, ki taua hāhi rānei. He rerekē ngā mahi whakapono, ahakoa i roto i te whakapono kotahi, i runga i te wāhi me te ahurea.
Kia mau te noho puku
I a koe e toro atu ana ki tētahi wāhi karakia, inā koa kei te whakahaerehia he karakia, he mea nui kia iti rawa te haruru. Me karo te kōrero nui me te hamama, nā te mea he tokomaha te hunga e haere ana ki reira hei karakia, kaua hei mātakitaki noa.
Whakautehia ngā Ture Whakaahua
Kia tūpato ki ngā tohu e pā ana ki te whakaahua i roto i te whare karakia. Tērā pea ka āraia te whakaahua i ētahi wāhi, engari ka whakaaetia e ētahi atu mēnā kāore he uira. Ka kino pea te whakamahi i te uira ki ngā mahi toi utu nui, ā, ka whakararuraru hoki i te hunga e inoi ana.
Kāore he Rākau Selfie
He maha ngā hāhi kua aukati i te whakamahi i ngā rākau selfie nā te mea kei pakaru te roto o te whare. Ki te hiahia koe ki te tango whakaahua, he pai ake te kore e whakamahi i te rākau selfie, te tono rānei i tētahi hei āwhina i a koe.
Whakaarohia te Koha
Ahakoa he kore utu te tomo ki te nuinga o ngā whare karakia, ko te waiho i tētahi koha he tohu whakaaro nui hei whakaatu i te maioha, hei tautoko hoki i te tiaki i te whare karakia.
Tirohia te Rārangi Kaupapa
I mua i tō haerenga mai, tirohia ngā hāora whakatuwheratanga me te maramataka o te whare karakia. Tērā pea ka tuwhera noa ētahi whare karakia mō ngā haerenga tirotiro i ngā rā, i ngā wā motuhake rānei, ā, ka kati pea i te wā o ngā karakia.
Kaua e Pā, Kaua e Piki rānei
Whakautehia te wāhi tapu mā te kore e piki i ngā aata, i ngā arawhata, i ngā pou, i te pā atu rānei ki ngā mahi toi, ki ngā rama, ki ētahi atu taonga whakapono rānei. He mea nui kia mau tonu te whakaute ki te tapu o te whare karakia.
Haere ki tētahi Ratonga
Ahakoa kāore koe e mārama ki te reo, mā te haere ki te karakia ka taea e koe te tuku i tētahi wheako ahurei, whai tikanga hoki. Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te tango whakaahua i te wā o te karakia, ka taea e koe te mātakitaki i te whare karakia e whakamahia ana, me te waihanga i ngā maharatanga pumau o tō haerenga mai.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. Ko tēhea whenua kei a ia ngā Whare Karakia Pai rawa atu?
He whakaaro takitahi te whakatau ko tēhea whenua kei a rātou ngā whare karakia "pai rawa atu". Heoi, ko ngā whenua pēnei i a Wīwī, Itari, me Pāniora e rongonui ana mō ā rātou whare karakia whakamiharo.
2. He aha te whare karakia rongonui?
Ko tētahi o ngā whare karakia rongonui o te ao ko te Whare Karakia o Notre Dame i Parī, Wīwī, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana mō ōna hoahoanga Gothic ataahua me tōna hītori whai rawa.
3. Ko tēhea te whare karakia rongonui rawa atu, ā, kei hea tōna tūnga?
Ko te whare karakia rongonui rawa atu ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita, kei te Tāone o Vatican. Koinei hoki te whare karakia tapu rawa atu o te ao, ā, he wāhi nui hoki mō ngā Katorika o te ao katoa ki te haere ki reira.
4. Ko tēhea tāone he whare karakia nui e toru?
E mōhiotia ana a Cologne, Tiamana, mō ōna whare karakia nui e toru: ko te Whare Karakia o Cologne, ko St. Andreas, me St. Ursula.
5. Ko tēhea tāone he rua ngā whare karakia nui?
E rua nga whare karakia rongonui kei Milan, Itari: Milan Cathedral (Duomo di Milano) me te Basilica o Sant'Ambrogio.
6. Ko tēhea te whare karakia tawhito rawa atu o te ao?
E tautohetia ana te taitara o te whare karakia tawhito rawa atu o te ao, engari ko tētahi o ngā kaitono ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Hoani te Atua i te Tāone o Niu Ioka, i whakatūria i te mutunga o te rautau 19.
7. Ko tēhea te hāhi tapu rawa atu o te ao?
Ko te whare karakia tapu rawa atu o te ao ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita i te Tāone o Vatican, koinei hoki te pokapū o te Hāhi Katorika Romana.
8. He aha te whare karakia teitei rawa atu o te ao?
Ko te whare karakia teitei rawa atu o te ao ko Ulm Minster i Ulm, Tiamana, me tōna tihi tiketike e eke ana ki te teitei whakamiharo o te 616 mita (531 putu).
9. Ko tēhea te whare karakia rongonui rawa atu o te ao?
Ko tētahi o ngā whare karakia rongonui o te ao ko te Sagrada Familia i Barcelona, Spain, i hangaia e te kaihoahoa a Antoni Gaudí.
10. He Katorika anake ngā whare karakia nui?
Kāo, ehara i te mea he Katorika anake ngā whare karakia nui. Ahakoa he maha ngā whare karakia nui e hono ana ki te Hāhi Katorika, ko ētahi nō ētahi atu hāhi Karaitiana. Ka taea e rātou te waiho hei hāhi Anglican, Orthodox, Lutheran rānei. Tērā pea he whare karakia nui tō ia hāhi.
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