Ngā mea whakamere mō te Colosseum

I mōhio koe e tata ana ki te 2,000 tau te pakeke o te Colosseum i Rōma , ā, ka taea te pupuri i te 80,000 tāngata mātakitaki? Hei tētahi o ngā whare tapere nui rawa atu i hangaia, ehara i te mea he wāhi whawhai gladiatorial me ngā whawhai kararehe tauhou anake. He atamira mō ngā momo whakaaturanga i whakangahau i ngā tāngata whenua Rōmana. Engari he aha te mea i tupu i waenganui o te Colosseum e kitea ana e koe i roto i ngā kiriata i waiho ai hei ngākau nui o ngā whakangahau Rōmana?

Kia tūhuratia te hītori me ngā mea ngaro o tēnei papa tākaro tawhito!

Ngā momo huihuinga

I whakaatuhia te mana me te taonga o te Emepaea o Rōma i roto i ngā huihuinga i tū ki te Colosseum. Anei tētahi tirohanga poto ki ngā momo huihuinga i tū ki tēnei papa tākaro whakamiharo:

Ngā Kēmu Gladiatorial

Ko ngā toa gladiatorial, he maha ngā wā he pononga, he herehere rānei, i whawhai i roto i ngā pakanga kaha. I whakangungua ēnei toa ki te whakauru atu ki ngā pakanga ā-rōpū me ngā pakanga ā-rōpū, kia noho mataara tonu ai te mano. He momo gladiatorial rerekē, he pukupuku me ngā patu motuhake ā ia tangata. Hei tauira, he whakangungu rakau nui ā te Murmillo, ā, he potae he āhua ika tōna, ko te Retiarius ia i whakamahi i te kupenga me te trident.

Ngā Mōhiotanga mō te Gladiator

Ko Spartacus, he toa gladiator Thracian nō te rautau tuatahi BC, tētahi o ngā toa gladiator rongonui o te hītori. He toa mohio ia, he rangatira hoki nāna i ārahi tētahi whakakeketanga nui a ngā pononga i wiri ai te Repupiripia o Rōma. Ahakoa i hinga te whakakeketanga i te mutunga, he mea whakahihiko te kōrero a Spartacus i a tātou i tēnei rā.

Ngā Whakangau Kararehe

I tū ngā mahi hopu kararehe whakaari i te papa tākaro, tae atu ki ngā kararehe tauhou pērā i te raiona, te taika, te arewhana, me te pea. I kawea mai ēnei kararehe i ngā kokonga tawhiti o te emepaea, hei whakaatu i te whānuitanga o te rohe o Rōma. Ko ngā kaiwhai ngaio, tae atu ki ētahi tāngata hara i whakataua, i tūtaki ki ēnei kararehe mohoao i roto i ngā tūtakitanga whakamate i whakaatu i te mana o te tangata ki te taiao.

Ngā Whakamatenga Tūmatanui

Ko tētahi o ngā momo whakamate tino nanakia ko te whakamatea o ngā kaihara e ngā kararehe mohoao. He whakaaturanga tūmatanui tēnei i whakaarohia hei whiu, hei ārai hoki. I roto i ngā whakamatenga ko te tahunga ki te pou, te ripeka, te whawhai kaha rānei ki ngā toa whawhai mau pū. He whakaaturanga whakamataku ēnei i mātakihia e te hunga mātakitaki me te miharo nui.

Ngā Whakaari Pūrākau

I tū hoki i te Colosseum ngā whakaari i ahu mai i ngā kōrero tuku iho o Rōma. I whakaatuhia i roto i ēnei whakaaturanga ngā whakaaturanga whakahirahira, ngā kākahu, me ētahi wā he toto toto tūturu i te wā i whakaari ai ngā kaiwhakaari i ngā tāngata pakiwaitara e tutuki ana i ngā whāinga tutu.

Ngā Pakanga Moana Tauira (Naumachiae)

I waipuketia te papa o te Colosseum hei hanga i tētahi roto rangitahi mō ngā pakanga moana rūpahu, e mōhiotia ana ko te naumachiae. Nā te hangarau mohio i kawe mai te wai ki roto i te papa tākaro mō ēnei whakaaturanga whakamiharo. I whakaarihia anō e ēnei pakanga ngā pakanga moana rongonui, me ngā kaipuke me ngā toa tūturu, e whakaatu ana i te pūkenga hangarau me te kaha hōia o Rōma.

Te Hanga me te Hoahoa Whare

Ko te Colosseum, e mōhiotia ana ko te Flavian Amphitheatre, he mahi toi whakahirahira e whakaatu ana i te hiranga o ngā miihini o Rōmana o mua. Anei ētahi kōrero nui e pā ana ki tōna hanganga me tōna hoahoanga :

Nā wai i hanga?

I tīmata te hanganga o te Colosseum i te tau 72 AD i raro i te Emepara Vespasian, nāna i arotahi ki te hanga anō i a Rōma i muri i tētahi pakanga ā-iwi whakangaro. I whakaaro ia ko te Colosseum he koha ki te iwi, he wāhi whakangahau, he tohu hoki mō te pumau hou o te emepaea.

Kāore a Vespasian i ora ki te kite i tōna otinga, engari ko āna tama, ko Titus rāua ko Domitian, i haere tonu te mahi. Nā Titus i tirotiro te whakatuwheratanga nui i te tau 80 AD, tae atu ki ngā rā 100 o ngā kēmu whakanui, i te wā i tāpirihia ai e Domitian te taumata nohoanga o runga hei whakauru i te mano tini e tipu haere tonu ana.

Ngā Rauemi Hanga me te Rōpū Mahi

I hangaia te Amphitheatre mā te whakamahi i te kōhatu travertine mō ngā pakitara o waho, te tuff (toka puia) mō ngā pakitara o roto, me te raima mō ngā turanga me ngā āwhata. E hia mano ngā kaimahi i hiahiatia mō te hanganga, tae atu ki ngā tohunga toi me te ope nui o ngā pononga, he tokomaha o rātou he herehere i mauheretia i ngā pakanga hōia o Rōma.

I mahi kaha tēnei hunga mahi i raro i te arataki a ngā kaihoahoa me ngā miihini mohio kia oti te Colosseum i roto i te waru tau.

Ngā Āwhata me ngā Wharepaku

Nā ngā kōhao tomokanga e 80 o te Colosseum i te whenua i āhei ai te whakahaere pai i te mano. Nā ēnei kōhao i tautoko te taumaha nui o te hanganga, ā, i āwhina i te nekehanga pai o te hunga mātakitaki ki roto, ki waho hoki i te papa tākaro. I roto, he pūnaha uaua o ngā kōhao o te hope i whakarato i te kaha me te pumau, e āhei ai te Colosseum ki te hora i tētahi wāhi nui me te kore e hiahiatia he pou o roto.

Hipokeuma

Ko te hypogeum he whatunga raro whenua o ngā kauhanga me ngā rūma, he mea nui ki te mahi a te papa tākaro. I mua i ā rātou whakaaturanga, i puritia ngā gladiators me ngā kararehe mohoao ki roto i ngā pūtau me ngā whare herehere i roto i te hypogeum, i taea ai te tomo whakamiharo ki roto i te papa tākaro mā roto i ngā ararewa me ngā tatau mahanga.

I roto hoki i te hypogeum ngā tikanga mō ngā ararewa me ngā pūrakau hei hiki i ngā kaiwhakaari, ngā kararehe, me ngā taputapu ki runga i te papa o te papa tākaro. I roto i tēnei ko ngā mīhini uaua e hiahiatia ana hei whakahaere i ngā whakaaturanga whakahirahira pērā i ngā pakanga moana rūpahu (naumachiae).

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Te Aromatawai o te Nohoanga

I whakaatahia ngā nohoanga o te Colosseum i te hapori Rōmana, me ngā taumata i whakaritea paitia hei whakanoho i ngā kaimātakitaki i runga i ō rātou tūranga pāpori.

Ngā Tāngata VIP

I wehea ngā taumata nohoanga kia wehea kia rite ki te mana pāpori. Ko ngā nohoanga tino rangatira, e tata ana ki te papa o te papa tākaro, i rāhuitia mō te hunga rangatira, tae atu ki ngā hēnetā, ngā kaiwhakawā, me ētahi atu rangatira. I whakaratohia e ēnei nohoanga ngā tirohanga pai rawa atu o te mahi, ā, i whakapaipaihia ki te māpere me ētahi atu rauemi papai.

Ngā Tangata Whenua Noa

Ko ngā taumata waenga he mea whakarite mō te tangata whenua Rōmana noa. Kāore i te tino ataahua ngā nohoanga pērā i te wāhanga VIP, engari i whakaratohia he tirohanga pai ki ngā huihuinga i raro. Ko ngā whakaritenga nohoanga mō te marea whānui i whakaritea i runga i te tūnga pāpori me te tata ki te papa tākaro.

Ngā Wahine me ngā Akomanga Iti

Ko te papa o runga rawa, te summa cavea, i rāhuitia mō ngā wāhine me ngā hunga o raro o te hapori Rōmana. He māmā noa iho ngā nohoanga i konei, he paepae rakau, he wāhi tū rānei, ā, he tirohanga tawhiti atu ki te papa tākaro.

Ngā Pakiwaitara me ngā Pūrākau

Kua kohia e te Colosseum ngā pūrākau kua whakanuia ake tōna āhua ngaro i roto i ngā tau. E ai ki te kōrero tuku iho, i makahia he kanga ki te whakamaharatanga nā te tutu nui i kitea i roto i ōna pakitara, ā, koinei te take i hinga ai ētahi wāhanga o te whakamaharatanga i roto i te wā.

I te Waenganui o ngā Tau, i puta ake tētahi atu whakapono whakamere—ko te Colosseum tētahi o ngā kūaha e whitu ki te ao o raro. Tērā pea i ahu mai tēnei whakaaro i te hononga o te papa tākaro ki te mate me ngā kēmu nanakia e tū ana i reira, e mea ana kia rite ki te tomokanga ki ngā ao kei tua atu i te hunga ora.

Ngā kōrero whakamere mō te Colosseum!

• He maha ngā kiriata kua noho hei poupou mō te whakamaharatanga, mai i ngā pakanga nui o 'Gladiator' ki te haerenga a Audrey Hepburn ki ngā mahi a ngā Rōmana i roto i te 'Roman Holiday'.
• Ko te Colosseum, i mōhiotia tuatahitia ko te Flavian Amphitheatre, i tapaina i muri i ngā emepara o te whare rangatira o Flavian nāna i hanga.
• E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau hītori, ko ngā maramara rei i kitea i roto i ngā ururua o te Colosseum e kī ana i whakamahia e ngā Rōmana o mua hei whakapaipai tohu.
• I te Waenganui o ngā Tau, i rongonui te Colosseum mō ngā mātāra Karaitiana.
• E whakaatu ana ngā taunakitanga hītori i te noho o ngā gladiatrices — arā, ngā wāhine i whakangungu me te whawhai hei gladiators i te taha o ō rātou hoa tāne.
• Nā te tino miharo o ngā kaimātakitaki i te Colosseum ki ngā kaupapa, i haria e ētahi ki te kāinga ngā kongakonga uku pakaru, ngā kongakonga onepu rānei i te papa o te papa tākaro hei taonga whakamaumahara.

Ngā Pātai Auau

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