Ngā Whakairo o te Taiwhanga Whakaahua o Borghese

I kohia e te whānau Borghese, he whānau rongonui i te wā o te Renaissance me te Baroque Roma, he kohinga whakairo māpere rongonui o Romana onamata.

E kiia ana rātou ko ngā whakapakoko o Borghese.

Kei roto i te Galleria Borghese , he whare rangatira tawhito kei roto i ngā Māra o Villa Borghese, ko ēnei whakairo ētahi o ngā tauira pai rawa atu o te toi me te mahi toi tawhito.

Hei tāpiritanga, e whakaatuhia ana i te Galleria Borghese tētahi kohinga whakairo nui, tae atu ki ngā mahi toi maha a te tohunga Baroque rongonui a Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

Āporo rāua ko Tāpene

I hangaia e Bernini te whakairo o Apollo rāua ko Daphne i waenganui i te tau 1622 me te tau 1625.

He mahi rongonui tēnei e whakaatu ana i te wā i huri ai a Daphne hei rākau rākau hei rākau rākau i tana mawhiti atu i a Apollo.

Ko te kōrero mō te whakairo i ahu mai i tētahi wāhanga whakaari o "Metamorphoses" i reira ka whaia e te atua a Apollo te ngākau o Daphne.

E mōhiotia ana mō tōna kaha o ngā kare ā-roto, mō ōna taipitopito uaua, me tōna nekehanga.

I roto i te whakairo, ka kite koe i te ringa totoro o Apollo e pā ana ki ngā maihao kikokore o Daphne i a ia e huri ana hei manga rākau.

E hopukina ana e te whakairo ō rātou āhua i waenganui o te nekehanga me ngā taipitopito whakamiharo, e whakaatu ana i te ataata mataku o Daphne me ōna ringa e totoro ana, e whakaatu ana i tōna hiahia nui ki te mawhiti i te atua hiahia.

E kitea ana te pūkenga o Bernini i roto i te whakaaturanga tūturu o ngā kiripuaki me ngā āhuatanga o te taiao, pērā i te hurihanga o te makawe o Daphne hei rau, me tōna kiri hei kiri rakau.

Ka kitea te tūturutanga o ana whakairo i roto i ngā kakano māpere, pērā i te makawe o Daphne e huri ana hei rau, me tōna kiri hei kiri rākau.

Ehara i te mea he mahi toi rangatira noa iho a Apollo and Daphne; engari e tūhuratia ana hoki ngā kaupapa hohonu pēnei i te aroha, te hiahia, me te panonitanga.

Ko te pūkenga o Bernini ki te whakapuaki i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā kōrero uaua mā roto i ana whakairo māpere te mea e tū motuhake ai ana mahi toi.

I tēnei rā, e whakanuia tonutia ana te whakairo o Apollo rāua ko Daphne mō tōna toi me tōna hōhonutanga o te kōrero.

Kei te Galleria Borghese i Rōma e whakaatuhia ana, e tono ana i ngā kaimātakitaki ki tētahi ao pūrākau e tūtaki ai ngā ao atua me ngā ao mate.

Te Tāmitanga o Proserpina

Ko te Rape of Proserpina tētahi atu whakairo māpere i hangaia e Bernini i waenga i te tau 1621 me te 1622.

I roto i ngā pūrākau Kariki, ko Persephone, ko Proserpina rānei, te tamāhine a te atua o te rangi me te whatitiri, a Hūpiter rāua ko Ceres, te atua wahine o te ahuwhenua (ngā atua a Demeter rāua ko Zeus i roto i ngā pūrākau Kariki), ā, ko ia te kuīni o te Ao o raro.

I aro atu a Proserpina ki te tuakana o tōna pāpā, te rangatira o te hunga mate, i hiahia nei ki a Pluto.

I tētahi rā, i a Proserpina e kohi putiputi ana, ka tahaetia ia e Pluto, te atua o te Ao o raro, i roto i tana hariata e tōia ana e ngā hōiho pango e whā, ā, ka haria ia ki te Ao o raro.

I inoi a Demeter ki a Zeus kia tukuna tana tamahine, ā, i whakaae a Pluto.

I mea ia ki a Persephone ka taea e ia te haere engari kaua ia e kai i reira.

Engari i tōna whakaaro kāore he tangata e titiro mai ana, ka tomo a Persephone ki te māra me ana purapura pamekaranete e ono.

Nō reira, i akiakihia ia kia noho ki a Reinga mō ngā marama e ono o te tau, i a ia e hoki ana ki te Ao mō ngā marama e ono e toe ana ki te tūtaki ki tōna whaea.

E ai ki te pūrākau, ko ngā marama e noho ana ia i te Ao Raro ka mātao, ka pōuri, ka takurua te Ao, engari ka haere tahi te kōanga me te raumati me ia ina hoki mai ia.

E whakaatu ana te whakairo i te wā i tahaetia ai ia e Pluto, te atua o te Ao o raro, e whakaatu ana i te pūkenga tino pai o Bernini ki te whakaatu i ngā taipitopito ataahua pērā i ngā kākahu paheke o Proserpina me te āhua tūturu o ō rātou kikokiko, e whakaatu ana i tana uaua ki te mawhiti.

E whakaatuhia ana a Pluto he tangata kaha, he tangata whakatau, e hopu ana i a Proserpina ki ōna ringa kaha i a ia e ngana ana ki te mawhiti, me tōna tinana e piko ana i te wehi me te ngakaukore.

E hopukina ana e te whakairo te pakanga tinana me te kaha o te kare ā-roto o te whakaaturanga.

Ko ngā ringa totoro o Proserpina me tōna mata e whakaatu ana i tōna wehi me tōna ngakau pouri.

I taua wā anō, ko ngā kakano taipitopito o ō rātou tinana, pērā i ngā uaua me ngā uaua, e whakaatu ana i te pūkenga o Bernini ki te whakaatu i ngā āhua me ngā kare ā-roto o te tangata.

Mā te tikanga a Bernini ka taea e koe te rongo i te whakaari mai i ngā koki katoa, ka tāpirihia he kounga hihiri ki te whakairo e whakaatu ana i te ora.

E whakaatu ana tēnei mahi toi i te pūkenga me te auahatanga o Bernini, e tūhura ana hoki i ngā kaupapa hohonu o te hiahia, te mana, me te uauatanga o ngā kare ā-roto o te tangata.

Kia mahara, i te wā o Bernini, ko te tikanga o te kupu "rape" he "captured"; nō reira, ko te whakairo e tohu ana i te captured o Persephone.

Rawiri

Ko Rawiri anake te whakairo he kaupapa Paipera i oti i a Gian Lorenzo Bernini mā Scipione Borghese.

E whakaatu ana i a Rawiri i mua tonu i tana whiunga i te kohatu, e patu ana i a Koriata, te tangata nunui i karangatia e nga Pirihitini ki te whawhai ki te ope taua o Iharaira a Kingi Haora.

Kei te whenua te parei i hoatu e Saul ki a ia me te cithara, te āhuatanga tuku iho o te toa.

I konei, ka mutu te taonga puoro i te pane o te ekara, e tohu ana i te hiahia ki te whakahonore i te whare o te Borghese.

I matapaetia e Bernini ka whakanohoia a Rawiri ki te taha o te pakitara o te Rūma Seneca, ko te Rūma Tuatahi o ēnei rā.

Mā tēnei wāhi ka kite koe i te whanaketanga o te mahi, mai i te hurihanga o te tinana me ngā ringa e pupuri pūmau ana i te whitiki ki te mata e arotahi ana ki te kaha o te wā.

Nā te whakatakotoranga tuatahi o te whakairo i runga i tētahi turanga poto i māmā ake ai te whakaaro kei roto koe i te whakaaturanga whakaari.

I te mutunga o te rautau 1800, i nekehia te whakairo ki te Rūma 2: e whakaatu ana te whakapakoko a Rawiri i ngā wāhi kāore anō kia oti i te tuara, i te mea i whakapono te kaitoi kāore e kitea.

He tohu tēnei taipitopito mō te whakapono nui ki a ia anō i mua i te whakatata atu a te kaiwhakairo ki ana mahi toi i ngā wāhanga tōmua o tana mahi.

Ko Āneia, ko Ānihihe, ko Ākaniu

Ko te toa pūrākau a Aeneas e whakaaturia ana i roto i tēnei mahi rangatira, e ārahi ana i tana tama a Ascanius me tōna matua e mate ana a Anchises i a rāua e mawhiti ana i te tāone o Troy e mura ana.

Ka kitea a Ākaniu e pupuri ana i te ringa o tōna matua, me Ānihi e okioki ana i runga i te pakihiwi o Āneia.

He tino tika te whakaatu a te whakairo i te kaha o ngā kare ā-roto o taua wā i mauhia i roto i ngā kōhatu.

He tauira tēnei mō te tohungatanga o Bernini ki te kōrero pakiwaitara me te whakairo tūturu, nā tōna tito hihiri me tōna whakaaturanga ora tonu.

Ko Āinea, e whakaatuhia ana he toa, he ngākau toa hoki, e tū ana i waenganui o te waiata.

E ārahi ana ia i tōna whānau ki te wāhi haumaru me te tinana pakari me te wairua māia, e whakaatu ana i tōna tūranga hei kaiārahi, hei kaitiaki hoki.

E whakaatuhia ana ngā kaumātua me ngā Ānihi ngoikore e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki a Āneia mō te tautoko.

Ko te whakaotinga, ko Ascanius, e pupuri ana i te waewae o tōna pāpā me te mata pōhēhē me te mataku, hei tāpiri i te hohonutanga ki te kōrero.

Mā te pūkenga o Bernini ki te whakairo, ka kitea te tino pono me te hohonu o ngā kare ā-roto o ngā kiripuaki.

He tika tana whakaahua i tō rātou āhua, mai i ngā kōpiko i te rae o Anchises ki ngā miro pōrearea o te makawe o Ascanius.

Ko te kakano o ō rātou kākahu me ngā kopa o ō rātou arai e tohu ana i te tere o te nekehanga, e whakarei ake ana i te ahua o tā rātou ngana nui ki te mawhiti i te mate.

E hopukina ana e te whakairo ngā kare ā-roto me ngā hononga uaua i waenganui i ngā kiripuaki:

Ko te ngākau aroha o Ānikise, te whakapau kaha o Āneia, me te taitamarikitanga o Ākaniu e whakaatu ana i ngā kaupapa matua o te patunga tapu, te whānau, me te kawenga.

Ko te "Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius" a Bernini e whakarato ana:

• He whakaaroaro kaha mō te āhua o te tangata.
• Te tātari i ngā kaupapa o te toa me te manawaroa.
• Te hononga pumau i waenga i ngā whakatipuranga.

E whakaatu ana i ngā wikitoria me ngā pōuri o te ao tawhito ki te ora, e āhei ai ngā kaimātakitaki o te Galleria Borghese i Rōma ki te kawe i a rātou anō ki waenganui o te kōrero nui a Virgil.

Te Koati Amalthea me te Pēpi Hūpiter me te Manu

Ko te pukapuka nā Gian Lorenzo Bernini, 'The Goat Amalthea with the Infant Jupiter and a Faun', i titoa i te tau 1615, e hopu ana i tētahi wāhanga pūrākau mai i ngā kōrero tuku iho o Rōma.

E whakaatu ana i te atua taitamariki a Hupita e whāngaihia ana e te koati a Amalthea i raro i te kanohi mataara o tētahi manu kōura.

E whakaatu mārama ana tēnei whakairo i tētahi wā aroha, me te pēpi a Hūpiter e toro atu ana ki te haona o Amalthea, hei tohu mō te whāngai me te tiaki, ā, ko te manu kōura e tāpiri ana i tētahi pā takaro ki te tirohanga.

Kei waenganui o te tito waiata te āhua kerupa o Hūpitero e takoto ana i te taha o Amalthea e takoto ana, ko tana titiro ki te kaimātakitaki me tana ū e totoro mai ana e whakaatu ana i te manaaki me te oranga.

Ko te noho mai o te manu kōura māhaki, e tohuhia ana e ōna āhua rite ki te koati, e whakauru ana i te whakakatakata ki roto i te kōrero.

Mā te aro nui o Bernini ki ngā taipitopito ka ora ake te tirohanga me te tino tika, ka hopukina te harakore o Hūpiter me te kakano o te huruhuru o Amalthea me te tino tūturu whakamiharo.

E whakaoho ana tēnei waiata i te wairua o te whanaungatanga me te aroha, e whakaatu ana i te harikoa o te taitamarikitanga me ngā here tiaki o te aroha whānau.

Ka whakakotahi pai tēnei i ngā pūrākau tawhito me ngā kare ā-tangata, e whakaatu ana i te rangimarie i waenganui i ngā atua me ngā tāngata.

Mā roto i tēnei whakairo, ka tukuna e Bernini he tūhuratanga hōhonu ki ngā kōrero tuku iho o Rōma, e whakanui ana i ngā kaupapa pumau o te aroha, te atawhai, me te mana whakamiharo o te hanganga.

Ehara i te mea ko te pūkenga whakamiharo o Bernini anake te mea e whakaatuhia ana i roto i tēnei whakairo, engari he tohu anō hoki ki ngā uara tawhito e pārekareka ana i roto i ngā kōrero tuku iho.

Pauline Bonaparte hei Venus Victrix

"Ko Pauline Bonaparte hei" Venus Victrix "he whakairo whakamiharo nā Antonio Canova, nāna i hanga he mea hanga ki te māpere, he rite ki te tangata tūturu.

E whakaatu ana i a Pauline Bonaparte, te tuahine o Napoleon Bonaparte, hei atua wahine a Venus, e whakaatu ana i te ataahua whakamiharo me te huatau o te momo Neoclassical i roto i te ahua whakairo.

I roto i te whakairo, e takoto ataahua ana a Pauline i runga i te tūru, ko tōna tinana kua karapotia e ngā kākahu rere e tau mārie ana ki runga i a ia.

E whiti ana tōna ataahua matarohia me te āhua whakaipoipo me te kanohi marino me te ataata pakupaku.

Me te pupuri i te aporo i tōna ringa hei tohu aroha me te hiahia, te āhua nei kei te ngaro ia i roto i ōna whakaaro, i te whakaaroaro rānei, e titiro matatau ana ki te rangi.

E kitea ana te tino aro o Canova ki ngā taipitopito i roto i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te whakairo, mai i ngā āhua ataahua o te mata o Pauline ki ngā kopa uaua o tōna arai.

Ka ora ake te māpere i raro i ngā ringa pūkenga o Canova i te piko o te tinana angiangi o Pauline, ā, mā te taunekeneke ngawari o te māramatanga me te atarangi ka hangaia he āhua tūturu.

E whakanuia ana te whakairo mō tōna whakaaturanga tino pai o te ataahua me te ataahua o te wahine, e whakanoho ana i a Pauline hei tauira o te huatau me te matatau o te ao tawhito.

I hopukina e ia ngā moemoeā mutunga kore o te ataahua, te hiahia, me te aroha kua miharo ki ngā kaitoi me ngā kaitito puta noa i te hītori.

I a ia e whakanui ana i te ataahua tinana o Pauline, e whakaae ana a Canova ki a ia hei tohu kaha, mana, me te wahinetanga.

Kei te Galleria Borghese i Rōma tēnei mahi whakamiharo, e tono ana i ngā kaimātakitaki ki tētahi ao pūrākau e ora mai ana a Pauline Bonaparte, te atua wahine a Venus, hei whakanui i te ataahua me te hiahia.

Te Wahine Moe o te rautau tuarua

Ko tētahi o ngā whakairo māpere rongonui o mua, ko te Sleeping Hermaphrodite, i hangaia i te rautau tuarua AD.

E whakaatu ana i tētahi tamaiti e moe ana i roto i te tūranga takoto, he āhuatanga wahine tēnei.

Ko te huinga ahurei o ngā āhuatanga tāne me ngā āhuatanga wahine e whakaatu ana i te āhua takirua o te tangata pakiwaitara.

E whakaatu ana te whakairo i te wā i hanumi ai a Hermaphroditus, te tama a Hermes rāua ko Aphrodite i roto i ngā pūrākau Kariki, ki te nymph Salmacis hei hanga i ō rāua āhua.

Kei te Louvre i Parī te whakapakoko mapere tawhito ko te Sleeping Hermaphroditus.

I kitea te Hermaphroditus moe taketake i te tīmatanga o te rautau 17 i Santa Maria della Vittoria i Roma.

I kitea i te taha o ngā Kaukau o Diocletian, i roto hoki i ngā rohe o ngā Māra tawhito o Sallust.

I tangohia tonutia e Kātinara Scipione Borghese, ā, ka uru atu ki te Kohinga Borghese.

Nō muri mai, ka hokona atu ki ngā Wīwī e noho ana i te whenua, ā, ka tae ki Te Louvre, kei reira tonu e whakaatuhia ana.

Hei tāpiritanga, kua whakakapia te tuhinga taketake e tētahi kape o te pukapuka Sleeping Hermaphroditus o te rautau tuarua, i kitea i te tau 1781, ki te Galleria Borghese i Rōma .

Te pupuhi o Cardinal Scipione Borghese

I te tīmatanga o te rautau 17, i hangaia e te tohunga toi Itari a Gian Lorenzo Bernini tētahi whakairo māpere whakamiharo, ko te Bust o Cardinal Scipione Borghese te ingoa.

E whakaatu ana i te kātinara māia i roto i te huarahi rangatira, whakaute hoki, e whakaata ana i tōna tūranga hei tētahi o ngā tāngata whai mana nui o Rōma.

He tino ataahua te whakaaturanga a ia huānga i ngā kākahu rere o Scipione, ā, ko ngā taipitopito iti o tōna mata e whakaatu ana i te tohungatanga o Bernini ki te whakairo.

E hopukina ana e te mata o te kātinara te uho o tōna āhua whakamataku: te kaha, te mātauranga, me te whakatau.

Kei te Galleria Borghese o Rōma tēnei mahi toi, he whakamaharatanga tuturu mō te taonga tuku iho a te kātinara me te tohunga toi nāna i hopu ki te kōhatu.

Te Whakapakoko o te Kaimātakitaki me te Ariki Byron Tauhou

He tauira te whakapakoko o te kaitito a Lord Byron o te mahi taketake a te kaiwhakairo o Tenemāka a Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770-1844).

He tauira tēnei whakapakoko o te mahi taketake a te kaiwhakairo o Tenemāka a Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770-1844).

Kei te whare pukapuka o te Kareti o Trinity, Cambridge te taonga taketake.

Hei whakanui i a Lord Byron, he tangata mōrearea, he tangata rerekē hoki, e whakaatu ana te whakapakoko i tōna ataahua ngaro me tōna aroaro rangatira.

E whakaatu ana i te wairua o te ātete, te ngākau nui, me te mōrearea i tohu i te oranga me ngā mahi a Byron.

E whakaahuahia ana ia e ia hei toa aroha, he maha ngā wā e whakaatuhia ana i roto i tētahi tū rangatira me te mata whakaaroaro me te makawe e pūhia ana e te hau.

E tohu ana te whakapakoko i te taonga tuku iho tonu a Byron, i ētahi wā ka whakapaipaihia ki ngā motika mai i ana rotarota rongonui, ki ngā tohu rānei mō ana whakatutukitanga tuhituhi.

La Verita, na Gian Lorenzo Bernini

I hangaia tēnei whakairo māpere whakamiharo, ko "La Verità," ko "Te Pono" rānei, i te rautau tekau mā whitu.

E tohu ana te whakairo i te ariā o te pono hei mana e whiti ana i ngā here o tēnei ao mā te whakaahuatanga o te ahua e puta mai ana i roto i tētahi poraka kōhatu.

Ko te pūkenga tino pai o Bernini ki ngā tikanga whakairo e kitea ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga ora me te rere hihiri o ngā kākahu o te tangata.

E hopu ana i te wairua o te ora me te kaha. E whakaatu ana a "La Verità" i te wā o te whakakitenga, e tohu ana i te pono e puta mai ana i te māramatanga o te whakaaro nui me te māramatanga, e whakakore ana i te kuware me te tinihanga.

Hei tohu kaha mō te rapu i te pono me te wikitoria o te mātauranga i runga i te kuware, ka tono atu a "La Verità" ki a koe kia whakaaroaro ki te hiranga mutunga kore o te pono, te matatika, me te tika i roto i ngā horopaki takitahi me te hapori.

He whakamaumaharatanga pumau a "La Verità" mō te kaha pumau o te pono ki te whakahihiko, ki te whakaara ake, ki te whakaputa ke, e kukume ana i te hunga mātakitaki ki tōna ataahua, ki tōna uauatanga, me tōna hiranga pumau.

Kei hea ahau e kite ai i ngā whakairo a Bernini i Rōma?

Ka kitea e koe ngā whakairo a Gian Lorenzo Bernini i ngā wāhi maha puta noa i Roma.

E whakaata ana tēnei i tana takoha nui ki te taonga toi o te tāone nui.

Ko ētahi o ngā wāhi matua ka taea e koe te miharo ki ngā mahi a Bernini ko:

1. Galleria Borghese: Kei roto i tēnei taiwhanga he kohinga nui o ngā whakairo a Bernini, tae atu ki ngā mahi toi rongonui pērā i a "Apollo and Daphne," "David," me "The Rape of Proserpina."

2. Te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita: Ka kitea te awe o Bernini puta noa i te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita, mai i te "Baldacchino" whakahīhī i runga ake i te aata ki te "Heamana o Hato Pita" i te apse me te urupā o te Pāpa Urban VIII.

3. Piazza Navona: Kei tēnei tapawhā rongonui o Rōmana te "Puna o ngā Awa e Whā" (Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi) a Bernini, he mahi toi baroque e tohu ana i ngā awa o te Nile, Ganges, Danube, me Rio de la Plata.

4. Santa Maria della Vittoria: Ko te Whare Karakia o Cornaro i roto i tēnei whare karakia te kāinga o te "Ecstasy of Saint Teresa" a Bernini, he whakaaturanga oraora o te tirohanga wairua a Saint Teresa o Avila.

5. Ponte Sant'Angelo: Nā Bernini rātou ko āna ākonga i hoahoa ngā whakapakoko anahera e tū ana i te piriti e anga atu ana ki Castel Sant'Angelo, ia whakapakoko e mau ana i ngā taonga o te mamae o te Karaiti.

6. Santa Maria del Popolo: Kei roto i te Whare Karakia o Chigi ngā whakairo i hangaia e Bernini, tae atu ki ngā whakapakoko o Raniera me te Raiona, me Hapakuka me te Anahera.

Ko ēnei wāhi kei roto i ngā wāhi tino rongonui hei tiro i ngā mahi a Bernini i Rōma, engari ko tōna awe ka horapa ki ētahi atu whare karakia, whare rangatira, me ngā wāhi tūmatanui puta noa i te tāone.

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Whakaahua Matua: Ngā whakaahua kararehe nā Vecteezy