
Te Dome o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita: Tūhurahia te Dome Teitei Rawa o te Ao!
Apurva Sinha
·15 min read
He māmā noa te kite i te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita puta noa i te Vatican, ā, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana mō tōna hiranga whakapono me tōna hoahoanga Dome kanapa!
Tekau miriona ngā manuhiri e haere mai ana i ngā tōpito katoa o te ao i ia tau ki te matakitaki i te tuanui o te Basilica me te pārekareka ki te tirohanga ahurei mai i te 136 mita i runga ake i te whenua.
Ki te whakaaro koe ki te toro atu ki te tuanui o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita i a koe e haere ana ki te Vatican, me mōhio koe ki ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki te tono tīkiti, ngā wā, te hoahoanga, me te maha atu.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou te hītori me ngā taipitopito o te Dome whakamiharo, ā, ka hoatu hoki ētahi atu kōrero hei āwhina i a koe kia pai ai te wheako!
Te Tirohanga Poto ki te Dome
Te teitei o te Dome mai i te rori: 133 mita ki te pito o te ripeka.
Teitei mai roto: 118 mita ki te rama.
Te whānui: 59 mita mai i waho, 42 mita mai i roto.
Taumaha: Tata ki te 14,000 tāne.
Kaihanga Matua: Michelangelo Buonarotti
Ngā taumata tuanui: E rua ngā taumata
Ngā Rauemi Hanga i Whakamahia: I ahu mai i te Pantheon o Rōmana, i hangaia mā te whakamahi i te uku, ngā kōhatu puia, te raima, me te kōhatu pungapunga.
Ngā Wā: 7.30 i te ata ki te 5 i te ahiahi, kati i ngā ata o te Wenerei.
Utu Tikiti: €29
He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako mai i te piki i te Dome o te Basilica o Hato Pita?
E rua ngā taumata o te Dome, ā, ka taea e koe te piki i te dome mai i te tomokanga i te taha matau o te tomokanga matua.
Kia tirohia ēnei taumata me te taipitopito!
Eke ki te Ararewa ki te Papa Tuatahi
E mōhiotia ana ko te taumata tuatahi o te Dome te wāhi e whakaatu ana i te tirohanga tino ataahua o ngā mosaic o roto e whakapaipai ana i te tuanui o te Basilica!
Ka arahina atu hoki koe ki te tuanui, mai i reira ka kite tata atu koe i ngā whakapakoko nunui o Ihu me āna apotoro.
He ngāwari te tae atu ki tēnei taumata tuanui e ngā manuhiri katoa, nā te mea ka taea e koe te eke ararewa ki runga.
Mena he kīkī rawa te rārangi ararewa, ka taea e koe te piki ki te taumata mā te piki i ngā arawhata 231.
He tirohanga noa iho tēnei o te Dome i roto i te taiwhanga whakaahua, ā, ki te hiahia koe ki te kite i te dome tuturu mai i roto, me piki koe i tētahi arawhata poto.
He wāhi tino pai te tuanui hei toro atu mā te hunga e hiahia ana ki te kawe taonga whakamaumahara ki te kāinga, nā te mea kei konei te toa koha nui rawa atu o te Basilica.
He wharepaku anō hoki, me tētahi tūnga kai hei hoko kai māu i mua i te piki ki te taumata o runga!
Piki ki te Terrace o Runga
Kei te Terrace, te papa o runga rawa rānei o te Dome, te tirohanga tino ataahua o ngā Māra o Vatican me te Roman Forum!
Heoi, he uaua pea te tae atu ki te kurupae o te Dome, nā te mea he 320 arawhata noa iho ka tae koe ki reira.
Me piki koe i tētahi arawhata rārangi kotahi, ka piki haere te pari i a koe e piki ana ki runga, ā, ka tino whaiti haere te tihi.
Kāore mātou e tūtohu i tēnei pikinga mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te claustrophobia, te acrophobia, me ētahi atu raruraru hauora.
He matapihi kei te taha o te huarahi, e whakarato ana i te puna mārama pai, ā, ko te tirohanga mai i runga ko te mea pai rawa atu ka taea e koe te kite i Rōma!
Me whai tīkiti ahau hei piki i te tuanui?
Ahakoa kāore koe e hiahia ki tētahi tīkiti hei tomo ki te Basilica, me whai tīkiti koe hei piki i te St Peter's Dome whakamiharo.
Ka taea e koe te tiki tīkiti ki te Dome mai i te kaute pukapuka o te Basilica, e tū ana i te taha tonu o te arawhata e anga atu ana ki runga.
Ka tūtohu mātou kia hokona mai ō tīkiti mō te Whare Karakia o Hato Pētera me te urunga ki te tuanui ipurangi nā te mea he iti noa ngā tīkiti e wātea ana i te kaute.
Neke atu i te 500,000 ngā manuhiri e mātakitaki ana i te Basilica i ia rā, ā, me tū koe mō ngā hāora i te rārangi hei tiki i tētahi tīkiti dome.
Ko te utu mō ngā tīkiti paerewa mō te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita me te Dome Access me te aratohu oro he €29 mō ngā pakeke i waenga i te 4 me te 99 tau te pakeke.
Ka taea e ngā pēpi e 3 tau te pakeke, iti iho rānei, te piki i te Dome mō te kore utu!
Mena ko tō haerenga tuatahi tēnei ki te Basilica, ka tino taunaki mātou i te haerenga ārahi a te St Peter's Basilica me te urunga ki te Dome mō te hunga 17 ki te 99 tau te pakeke mō te €45!
Mā tēnei wheako ārahi ka taea e koe te tūhura i te Basilica katoa i roto i te rā kotahi, me te ako anō hoki mō tōna hītori.
Te Wā Pai ki te Piki ki te Tihi o te Dome o te Basilica o Hato Pita
Ka taea e koe te uru atu ki te tuanui mai i te 7.30 i te ata ki te 5 i te ahiahi puta noa i te tau!
Ka kati i ngā Wenerei katoa mai i te 9 i te ata ki te 12 i te poutumarotanga nā te mea kei te tū te hui Pāpa ki te Tapawha o Hato Pita.
E 30 ki te 45 meneti te roa ki te tūhuratia pai te Dome.
Ka tūtohu mātou kia toro atu i te atatu, ina tuwhera i te 7.30 i te ata, kia pai ai te wheako me te iti o te tangata.
Ka taea hoki e koe te kite i te rā e whiti mai ana i te Dome, e anga ana ki te rawhiti!
Mena ehara koe i te tangata e pai ana ki te ata, ka tūtohu mātou kia toro atu koe i mua i te wā kati.
Mēnā kei te whakamahere koe i tētahi haerenga tahi ki ngā Whare Taonga o Vatican me te Basilica o Hato Pita, ka tūtohu mātou kia tūhuratia te Dome i mua i te tomokanga ki te Basilica nā te mea ka kati wawe ake.
Kāore mātou i te tūtohu kia toro atu koe ki te Dome i ngā Wenerei, i te mea ko te nuinga o te mano o te Pāpa e tomo ana ki te Basilica ki te mātakitaki i muri i te mutunga o te kauwhau.
Ngā tirohanga mai i te Dome
E tū ana te Dome i te teitei whakaharahara, 136 mita (441 putu) mai i te whenua, koinei te dome teitei rawa atu o te ao!
He tirohanga ahurei kei te Dome o te Basilica o te Tapawhā o Hato Pita, me ōna Colonnades nunui, he iti ake te āhua ina tata atu.
Ka taea hoki e koe te kite i ngā māra tūmataiti ataahua a te Pāpa, arā, ngā Māra o Vatican, mai i te tihi o te Dome.
Ki te titiro matatau atu koe, ka kitea hoki te Roman Forum me te Palatine Hill mai i te tihi o Vatican City.
Mai i te taumata tuatahi, ka taea e koe te mātakitaki i tētahi tirohanga ahurei o roto o te Basilica me te kite i te āhua o ngā mahi toi rongonui mai i tētahi koki hou!
Kia maumahara kei te karapotia te taupee o te tuanui e tētahi reera, ka ārai pea tēnei i te tirohanga ina pāwhiritia ngā whakaahua o te whenua.
Ngā Mosaic me te Hoahoa o te Dome
I whakatapua te mahi peita i te tuanui ki te tini o ngā kaitoi o te Renaissance.
He maha ngā matapihi o te Dome, e wehea ana kia 16 ngā wāhanga.
He āhua tapu, he āhua Paipera rānei tōna ake wāhanga o te Dome, e horahia ana puta noa i ngā porowhita e ono o te Dome.
Kei raro ko ngā peita o te Bust o ngā Pāpa 16 i tanumia ki roto i ngā Ana o Vatican.
Ko ngā mahi toi i roto i ngā porowhita tuanui porowhita kē atu ko:
- He peita o Ihu, o Meri rāua ko Hohepa, o Hato Hoani Kaiiriiri, me ngā Apotoro.
- Ngā anahera e pupuri ana i ngā taputapu whakamamae oneone i whakamahia ki a Ihu i tōna whakamamaetanga i roto i ngā tapawhā rite.
- E anga atu ana ngā Kerupima rāua ko Herapima ki ngā āputa porowhita.
- Te hunga nāna i pupuri te urupā o Hato Pita.
- Ngā anahera whai parirau.
- Kei waenganui o te Dome te whakaahua o te Atua
Ka kite anō koe i te tuhituhinga Latina e whakamāori ana, "Ki te korōria o Hato Pita, te Pāpa Sixtus V i te tau 1590, te tuarima o tana noho hei pontificate," i runga i te tuanui.
E 96 katoa ngā āhua o te tuanui e huihui mai ana ki te tihi hei hanga i tētahi porowhita, he kikorangi te tae me ngā whetū kōwhai kanapa kua peitatia ki waenganui.
I tīmata te peita o aua pediment i te mutunga o te rautau 16 i te wā i peitahia ai e Giovanni de Vecchi rāua ko Cesare Nebbia ngā Kaikauwhau Evanelia tokowhā, ngā Pāpa, me ngā Hunga Tapu i runga i te Dome.
I tāpirihia e Cesare Roncalli ngā whakaahua āngera ki te tapatoru o runga o ia pediment hei whakapai ake i tōna āhua.
Nō muri mai ka tāpirihia e Cristoforo Pomarancio ngā huānga peita ahurei ki waenganui i ngā rara 16 o te tuanui!
Nā te Pāpa Clement VIII i whakahau a Giuseppe Cesari kia whakapaipai i te tihi o te tuanui.
I tāpirihia e ia e 65 ngā hoahoa pakiwaituhi ki te tuanui, ā, i whakamaheretia te tahora o te mahi toi katoa e kitea ana e koe i tēnei rā!
Te Hoahoa o te Dome
Kei runga tonu i te aata Pāpa te Dome me te whakapakoko nui a Bernini Baldacchino i waenganui o te Nave.
He maha ngā huānga mosaic o tēnei whare, ā, e tū teitei ana me te tautoko o ngā pou e whā, 120 mita te teitei.
Ka honoa e ēnei pou te papa whakatārewatanga ki ngā pou tapawhā, e tautoko ana i te pahu porohita o te Dome.
Kei te tihi o ia pou he whakaahua o ngā Kaikauwhau e whā, me tā rātou ake kararehe e whakamahia ana i roto i ā rātou whakamaoritanga. Ko ēnei:
- Ko Matiu Kaikauwhau me tana kau.
- Ko Maka te Kaikauwhau me tana Raiona.
- Kaikauwhau a Ruka me te Anahera
- Ko Hoani te Kaikauwhau me tana Ākara.
Kei te tihi he rama e 18 mita te roa e iri ana i te Dome, me te peita o te Atua kei waenganui.
Te Hītori me te Hanga Whare o Dome
Kei te Dome o te Basilica o Hato Pita ngā hoahoanga Renaissance ā-Baroque i hoahoatia, i mahihia hoki e ētahi o ngā kaihoahoa rongonui o taua wā!
Ka tīmata te hītori o te Dome i a Donato Bramante, nāna i hanga tētahi hanganga i ahu mai i te Pantheon o Roma i te tau 1506.
Haunga te rama me ngā pou tautoko, ka whai te tuanui i te tauira ōrite, ā, mā ngā matapihi e kawe te māramatanga ki roto i te Basilica kua kati.
I te tukunga o te hoahoa ki a Sangallo i te tau 1513, i tāpirihia e ia he whakatuwheratanga o te kōhatu ki te turanga me tētahi taumata tuarua i ahu mai i te Whare Karakia o Florence.
I hiahia ia kia rite te āhua o te tihi ki te kōhatu koeko, ā, kia nui te rama i roto, me te turanga e kokiri ana.
I kiia a Michelangelo ko ia te kaihoahoa matua o te Dome nā te mea i hanga e ia te hoahoa kia tino pono ake i ērā atu!
I tāpirihia e ia ētahi paparanga anga e rua ki te tuanui, ka tū teitei te tuanui nā ētahi pou pahu.
Tekau mā ono ngā pou Kōriniti i whakakapi i tētahi whakamahau peristyle, e hono ana mā roto i ngā āwhata.
I te matenga o Michelangelo i te tau 1564, i oti te hanga o te pahu me te tuanui, ā, i riro i a Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola rāua ko Giorio Visari te mahi kotahi.
I mutu te hanganga mō ētahi tau tae noa ki te wā i utua ai e te Pāpa Sixtus V a Giacomo della Porta rāua ko Dominico Fontana hei mahi i te tuanui i te tau 1590.
I tohe a Pāpa Clement VIII kia tāpirihia he ripeka ki te tihi o te Dome, e kitea tonutia ana i tēnei rā!
I te rautau 1800, i mahia ētahi whakahoutanga i te wā i honoa ai ngā anga tuanui e rua e ngā mekameka rino hei ārai i ngā kino atu i te ngatata.
Tirohia tā mātou tuhinga Hītori o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita kia kite ai koe i te roa o te wā i hangaia ai te hanganga katoa me ētahi atu kōrero ngahau!
Ngā Tohutohu ā-Roto hei Maharahara māu i te Piki i te Dome
Anei ētahi tohutohu hei maumahara māu i a koe e tūhura ana i te Dome o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita kia mau ai tētahi wheako tino whakamiharo!
- Kaua e wareware ki te mau mai i tētahi karāhe whakanui mō tō kāmera matihiko. Mā te karāhe whānui anō hoki e hopu te reera, ā, ka pakaru ō whakaahua.
- Kaua e toro atu i te ahiahi, nā te mea ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te piki i te arawhata o runga nā te wera.
- He iti noa te tokomaha o te hunga e whakaaetia ana kia piki i te wā kotahi, nō reira me tae wawe mai i te awatea mēnā he rōpū nui koe.
Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Dome o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita
1. Ka taea e koe te piki ki te Dome i te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita?
Ka taea e koe te piki ki te tihi o te Dome mēnā he tīkiti tāu. Ka taea te hoko i ngā tīkiti i te tari tīkiti o te Basilica, engari ka tūtohu mātou kia hokona i runga ipurangi hei penapena wā.
2. He pai te toro atu ki te Dome o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita?
Kei te Dome te tirohanga tino ataahua o te Tāone o Vatican, ā, he mea tika kia toro atu! Kei reira anō hoki ngā peita o te Renaissance, kāore e kitea mai i te papa, ā, ka tāpiri noa atu ki tō wheako ahurei o te Basilica.
3. Ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita te Dome nui rawa atu o te ao?
Ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita te mea teitei rawa atu i te ao, e tū ana i te teitei whakamiharo o te 136 mita (441 putu) mai i te whenua.
4. He kore utu te tomokanga ki te Dome o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita?
Me whai tīkiti arawhata, tīkiti ararewa rānei koe hei piki ki te tihi o Dome's Cupola.
5. Kia pēhea te roa o te piki i te tuanui o te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita?
E 30 ki te 45 meneti te roa o te piki i te tuanui me te tūhura i ngā taumata e rua.
6. E hia ngā arawhata ki te tihi o te Whare Tapu o Hato Pita?
Me piki koe i ngā arawhata e 551 kia tae atu ai ki te tihi o te Dome. E 231 ngā arawhata e anga atu ana ki te taumata tuatahi o te tuanui, ā, e 320 ki te taupee o runga. Ka taea e koe te karo i te arawhata mā te eke ararewa, engari ka piki noa ki te taumata tuatahi.
7. He aha ngā wā mō te piki i te Dome i te Vatican City?
E tuwhera ana te tuanui mai i te 7.30 i te ata ki te 5 i te ahiahi puta noa i te tau. Ka kati i ngā ata Wenerei nā te mea he huihuinga Pāpa.
8. Me whai au i tētahi tikanga kakahu hei piki i te Dome?
Me tae mai koe me ngā kākahu e taupoki ana i ō turi me ō pakihiwi kia whakaaetia ai koe ki te tomo ki te Dome o te Basilica.
Whakaahua Whakaatu: Bruno Coelho / Bruno Coelho
