Whakaaturanga Stonehenge

He wheako rumaki, taunekeneke hoki te Whakaaturanga Stonehenge e whakaora ana i ngā mea ngaro o te whakamaharatanga ngaro.

Ka taea e ngā manuhiri o ngā reanga katoa te tūhura i te ao kei muri i ngā kōhatu, me te hura i ngā mea ngaro a ā rātou kaihanga, te whenua me tōna tūranga i te ao whānui.

Mā roto i ngā whakaaturanga taunekeneke, te keri whenua me ngā wheako oro-ataata hou, ka taea e ngā manuhiri te hura i ngā kōrero kei muri i ngā kōhatu me te tikanga o Stonehenge.

Kua whakarārangihia ki konei ngā taonga whakamiharo e whakaatuhia ana.

Ngā toki kua orohia

Ko te Toki Oro o te Pae Tuku Iho o Stonehenge he tauira onge o tētahi taputapu Neolithic tōmua.

I hangaia tēnei taonga e te tangata ki te kōhatu mai i te Great Langdale i Cumbria, mai i te tau 4000 BC pea.

Ko te tikanga i whakamahia tēnei toki e ngā hapori ahuwhenua o te wā Neolithic hei whakawātea i te ngahere, he mahi nui tēnei.

I horahia whānuitia e ngā kaihokohoko ngā toki i hangaia ki te kōhatu i ahu mai i Great Langdale i Cumbria puta noa i Peretānia.

Ngā rōpū tapahi kiripaka

Ko te tārai kiripaka te toi tawhito o te hanga i te kiripaka, i te kōhatu rānei hei taputapu, hei patu, hei whakapaipai hoki.

I te tau 1997, i kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao whenua te awaawa o te rua kohatu i Amesbury, e 42 te roa, i roto i taua awaawa he maha ngā taputapu kiripaka me tētahi puranga kiripaka i hangaia anō ai tēnei wahi.

E whakatapua ana e te Whare Taonga o Salisbury me South Wiltshire tana rōpū patu kiripaka ki te tiaki me te tuku iho i tēnei momo toi tawhito.

E whakaatu ana ēnei i te huarahi e taea ai e ngā tikanga me ngā taputapu tuku iho te hanga i te kiripaka me te hanga i ngā taputapu me ngā patu ki te kōhatu.

Ngā kauae o raro

Nō ngā kau kāinga te kauae o raro, ā, koinei anake te wheua i kitea i Stonehenge.

I kitea e ngā kaimātai whaipara tangata tētahi maramara uku i te take o te awaawa o Stonehenge, nō te tau 3300 BC pea te tawhito.

I hangaia te kauae o te kauae ki te wheua kau, e 8 henemita te whānui, e 5 henemita te roa.

Kua tawhito rawa ngā niho, e tohu ana kua koroheke rawa pea te kararehe i tōna matenga.

He mea nui tēnei kauae ki te hītori o Stonehenge, ā, e whakarato ana i ngā tohu mō tōna hiranga ki ngā kaihanga.

Ngā kōwhiri a te haona

E ai ki ngā whakaaro, tae noa ki te 3000 BC, i waiho e te hunga nāna i hanga a Stonehenge tētahi haona i roto i te awaawa o Stonehenge i Wiltshire, Ingarangi, hei whakahere, hei taonga tuku iho rānei.

E whakaatu ana ngā taunakitanga i whakamahia te toki, i hangaia mai i ngā haona tia whero, hei keri i te awaawa, hei hanga i te uku, ā, ko ōna pito kua tawhito e tohu ana i tōna whakamahinga.

E hono ana tēnei taonga tuku iho ki ngā wā o mua, e whakaatu ana i te hiranga o te whakamaharatanga me ngā whakapono o ngā kaihanga.

Ngā papa tioka

E rua kiromita te tawhiti atu i Stonehenge i kitea ai te papa whakairo, ā, i hangaia i te tau 2900-2580 BC.

I whakapaipaihia te tioka ki ngā rārangi me ngā tohu whakairo, hei tirohanga ahurei ki te hītori, hei whakaatu hoki i te mohiotanga me te auahatanga o te hunga nāna i hanga.

Ahakoa tōna kaupapa me tōna tikanga ngaro, ko tōna hiranga kei roto i tōna onge hei tētahi o ngā tauira toi o Peretānia i ngā wā tōmua rawa atu.

Kua tukuna mai e te Whare Taonga o Salisbury me South Wiltshire hei wāhanga o tā rātou whakaaturanga tuturu.

Ngā Mata Pere

I kitea tēnei mata pere i tētahi kerihanga i Durrington Walls, he tohu rongonui mō te wā Neolithic henge e tata ana ki Stonehenge.

Ko te pane pere he wāhanga o tētahi kohinga taonga mai i te papaanga. Nō te tau 2500 BC pea te roa, he mea hanga te pane pere mai i te kiripaka o te rohe, ā, he taha piko, he 'piko' rānei.

I te wā Neolithic, i whakamahia e te tangata ngā mata pere whakarara hei momo taputapu kiripaka.

Ko te āhua tapatoru te āhuatanga o ēnei kararehe, ā, he mea tino pai mō te wero i te kiri o ngā kararehe.

I whakamahia tēnei momo mata pere mō te hopu me te patu poaka, ā, i tunua ēnei hei kai i ngā hakari nui.

He whakamaumaharatanga te mata o te pere ki te noho me te hopu manu a ngā tāngata o mua i te rohe.

Ngā waewae poaka me ngā pere kua whakauruhia

Ko te waewae poaka, me te pere kiripaka e mau ana ki te wheua, he tauira pai rawa atu tēnei o te whakauru a te iwi o Durrington Walls i ā rātou tikanga hopu manu me te hakari.

He tohu whakamaumahara whakamiharo tēnei mō te ahurea oraora me te wairuatanga o ngā iwi onamata.

Ko te waewae poaka me te pere kua whakauruhia ki roto he tohu rongonui o te wā Neolithic.

E whakaatu ana i te hiranga o te hopu manu me te hakari ki te iwi o Durrington Walls, me te whakaata hoki i tō rātou hononga tata ki te whenua me ā rātou kararehe.

He whakamahara tēnei ki a rātou mō te tiaki me te tuku iho i ā rātou tikanga me ā rātou tikanga.

Ngā maramara taonga kua whakakōhaohia

He ahurei ngā maramara oko kua haehaea mai i Woodhenge, nā te mea kei roto i ngā oko uku tawhito rawa atu o Peretānia. I kitea ngā maramara i te wā i keria ai i te tekau tau atu i 1970.

E whakaatu ana ngā maramara o ngā kohatu i te whakamahinga i roto i ngā kawa.

He āhua hangarite ngā tohu, he rārangi piko, he rārangi tika, he porowhita me ngā whakairo.

Tērā pea he tikanga tō ēnei tohu ki te hunga nāna i whakamahi.

Kua whakamahia hoki ngā maramara hei tohu i te taenga mai o Woodhenge ki te wā Neolithic whakamutunga.

He rite tonu ngā maramara kohatu ki ētahi atu taonga i kitea i te rohe, e tohu ana ko aua tāngata anō i noho ki te rohe, ā, he rite tonu ā rātou mahi.

Toki Pakanga

He patu paerewa te toki whawhai i te Wā Parahi, engari ko te mahi toi ātaahua o tēnei e tohu ana he mea whakamahi mō ngā kawa.

He iti, he ātaahua hoki, he pai ake mō te whakaaturanga i te whakamahi i te pakanga.

He porowhita me ngā pewa porowhita te whakapaipai o te toki, ā, tera pea he tikanga tohu tō rātou.

He whakamaharatanga te toki whawhai mō te hiranga o Stonehenge i Peretānia o mua, ā, he tohu anō hoki mō ngā pūkenga o ngā tohunga toi o mua.

He taonga ahurei tēnei, ā, kei te whakaatuhia inaianei i te Whare Taonga o Wiltshire i Devizes.

Whakaaturanga Porowhita o te Kōhatu

E whakanui ana te whakaaturanga i te hītori o Hapani i ngā wā o Waenganui me te wā o Muri o ngā Jomon, i te wā anō i hangaia ai a Stonehenge.

E whakaatuhia ana i te whakaaturanga he kohinga o ngā taonga tuku iho, ko ētahi kāore i kitea i waho o Hapani, e kōrero ana i te pūrākau o ngā nohoanga me ngā porowhita kōhatu o tēnei wā.

• Ngā kohua mura
• Ngā kopare kurī
• Ngā pea whakairo
• Kurī tatau
• Ngā toki kōhatu a Jomon
• Ngā whare Neolithic

Whakaahua Matua: English.elpais.com