Ngā Pātai Auau mō Stonehenge

Ko Stonehenge te wāhi tawhito rawa atu o mua i hangaia i roto i ngā wāhanga maha i roto i ngā wā rerekē. Ko te wāhanga tuatahi, he henge tōmua, i hangaia i te 5,000 tau ki muri. I hangaia te porowhita kōhatu rongonui i te mutunga o te wā Neolithic, i te tau 2500 BC pea. Nō muri mai, he maha ngā puke tanumanga i hangaia i te tīmatanga o te Wā Parahi.

He mahi toi a Stonehenge nō te wā onamata, i hangaia ki ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga taketake i mua i te hanganga o ngā konganuku me ngā wira. E rau ngā tāngata i hanga i ngā hanganga kōhatu taumaha hei kawe, hei hanga me te whakatū i ngā kōhatu. He maha ngā tikanga mahi kōhatu i whakamahia hei whakauru i ngā kōhatu poutū me ngā arai whakapae. E whakaaro ana ngā kaituhi hītori i keria e te tangata he poka nui me te taha pīrori hei whakatū i ngā kōhatu mā te āwhina o ngā pou rakau.

Ahakoa ngā tau o te rangahau, kāore i te mārama ko wai i hanga a Stonehenge. Kei te wāhi o Stonehenge ngā taunakitanga mō ngā kaupapa whakanui, ā, e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu o ngā whakarerekētanga mō ngā rōpū tāngata rerekē i ngā wā rerekē. Kua tohuhia e ngā keri whenua te noho mai o ngā tāngata Neolithic me ngā rōpū kaiwhaiwhai-kohikohi Mesolithic. Tērā pea i whai wāhi ēnei rōpū ki te hanganga o Stonehenge.

He maha ngā ariā e pā ana ki te take i hangaia ai a Stonehenge. E kī ana tētahi ariā he wāhi tanumanga pea tēnei nō te wā Neolithic, he wāhi tahu tūpāpaku, he wāhi rānei mō ngā karakia whakamutunga. Ko ngā Kōhao Aubrey, i keria ai ngā kōhao huri noa i ngā wāhi, he toenga kua wera, ā, e tautoko ana i tēnei ariā. Ko tētahi atu ariā rongonui e kī ana ko Stonehenge he maramataka whetū nui. E hono ana a Stonehenge ki te rā, te marama me ngā whetū, ā, tera pea he whare tirotiro pūtaiao tawhito. E kīia ana hoki i whakamahia e ngā tāngata o mua a Stonehenge hei tatau i ngā rā me ngā tau.

Ko Stonehenge anake te mea whakamiharo e toe ana i roto i ngā Mea Whakamiharo e Whitu o te Ao Tawhito.

I te tīmatanga, tata ki te 100 ngā kōhatu nunui poutū i roto i te whakatakotoranga porowhita. I roto i ngā trilithon e rima (e rua ngā kōhatu poutū me te kotahi te arai whakapae) o te porowhita o roto, e toru anake e tū ana tae noa ki tēnei wā, ā, e rua kua pakaru tetahi wāhanga. Kei raro i te trilithon teitei rawa te kōhatu o te Aata. He torutoru noa iho e toe ana i roto i ngā kōhatu e 30 pea kei roto i te porowhita o waho.

He mea nui te toro atu ki Stonehenge mō te hunga katoa e aroha ana ki te hītori e miharo ana ki ngā mea ngaro o mua. He tawhito ake tēnei Pae Tuku Iho o te Ao UNESCO i ngā piramiti o Ihipa, ā, kua maha ngā whakarerekētanga kua pā ki a ia i roto i ngā tau 5000 kua hipa. Mō tētahi wheako tirotiro ahurei, he mea tika kia toro atu ki Stonehenge.

Ka taea e ngā manuhiri te piki ki te 15 iāri tata ki Stonehenge. Kāore e whakaaetia ngā manuhiri ki tua atu i tērā hei tiaki i ngā kōhatu mō ngā manuhiri o muri mai. Ka karapotia e te taura angiangi te Pōro Kōhatu hei ārai i ngā manuhiri kei neke tata atu.

E kitea ana a Stonehenge mai i te huarahi A303. Heoi, kāore i te mārama te tirohanga, ā, he pōuriuri hoki. Me toro atu koe ki te whakamaharatanga mai i te taha tata kia kite ai koe i te tirohanga tino pai o Stonehenge.

Ka taea e ngā manuhiri te mātakitaki i te whakamaharatanga mai i te huarahi mō te kore utu. Engari kāore e kitea a Stonehenge mai i tawhiti. Me tiki he tīkiti whakauru hei tata atu ki Stonehenge me te toro atu ki te whare taonga hītori.

He tohu whenua onamata a Stonehenge. He rerekē ki te nuinga o ngā tohu whenua, ehara i te whare rangatira, ehara hoki i te kāreti, engari he kohinga kōhatu noa iho, e whakaatu ana i te tawhiti kua tae mai te tangata ki te ao hoahoa.

Ko te rā raumati e pā ana ki te tūnga whakamiharo o ngā kōhatu ki te rā e ara ake ana, e puta mai ana i tōna teitei rawa. Ka noho pērā tonu te rā mō ētahi rā e haere ake nei. E whakaponohia ana he mea nui te rā raumati ki ngā tāngata o mua, engari kāore he kōrero pono.

Kāore e whakaaetia ngā manuhiri ki te pā atu ki ngā kōhatu o Stonehenge i a rātou e haere ana. Ka taea anake te pā atu ki ngā kōhatu i Stonehenge mēnā kei roto koe i te tīma e whakahaere ana i ngā rangahau, e whakahaere ana rānei i ngā tikanga tiaki i ngā kōhatu.

Kāore te whakahaere o ngā tohu whenua e whakaae kia pā atu ngā manuhiri ki ngā kōhatu mō tetahi utu. Ka hoko ngā manuhiri i ngā tīkiti hei tomo ki te whare, hei mātakitaki hoki i te mīharotanga o te hoahoanga. Ka taea e rātou te kite tata atu i ngā kōhatu, engari kāore e taea te tomo ki te porowhita me te pā atu ki te kōhatu.

Ko te Kōhatu Rekereke i Stonehenge he kōhatu kei waho o te porowhita matua. Kei te tū tika, ā, he tūponotanga pea i whakamahia hei tohu mō ngā kaupapa me ngā huihuinga o te rangi. Ko te Kōhatu Rekereke i Stonehenge he poraka kōhatu nui, kotahi te poraka, he mea hanga ki te Sarsen. Kei roto i te Huarahi i waho o te Porowhita Matua.

He maha ngā wā e whakaarohia ana he mea āta whakaarohia te tūnga o Stonehenge ki te Rā o te Rā. He maha ngā ariā e whakapono ana ehara tēnei tūnga i te mea tūpono noa, ā, i āta whakatakotoria mō ngā kaupapa karakia.

Kua tohua a Stonehenge hei Pae Tuku Iho o te Ao a te UNESCO nā te mea koinei te whakamaharatanga tawhito tino matatau o te ao. Ko te tohu Pae Tuku Iho o te Ao a te UNESCO e whakawhiwhia ana ki ngā whakamaharatanga nui e whai tikanga ana ki te ahurea, ki te hītori, ki te pūtaiao, me ērā atu mea. E āta tirohia ana e Stonehenge ēnei tawhā katoa, ā, nō reira kua tika te kīia ko ia he Pae Tuku Iho o te Ao a te UNESCO.

I te tekau o ngā wāhanga o te tau 1986, i whakaingoatia a Stonehenge hei Pae Tuku Iho o te Ao a te UNESCO.

Kei te piko ētahi kōhatu i Stonehenge, ko ētahi e tū tika ana. Tērā pea he maha ngā take mō te piko o ēnei kōhatu. E whakaponohia ana ko te piko o ngā kōhatu e piko ana nā te nekehanga o ngā rauemi o raro i te whenua me ngā kerihanga.

He nunui ngā kōhatu o Stonehenge, ā, e kiia ana ko ngā kōhatu sarsen nunui ake e 25 tāne, neke atu rānei, te taumaha. Ko te kōhatu sarsen nui rawa atu, ko te Kōhatu Rekereke, e kiia ana he 30 tāne, neke atu rānei te taumaha. Tērā pea he iti ake te taumaha o ngā kōhatu iti i ngā kōhatu sarsen nunui ake, engari ka taea tonu te taumaha i ētahi tāne.

He maha ngā mahi e mahia ana hei tiaki i ngā kōhatu o Stonehenge. Kei roto i ēnei mahi ko te aukati i te urunga atu ki ngā kōhatu mā te kore e tukua ngā manuhiri kia pā atu ki aua kōhatu. Ko ētahi atu mahi hei tiaki ko te aroturuki i ngā āhuatanga o te taiao me te whakahaere rangahau anō.

Kāore i hiahiatia kia kitea a Stonehenge i te mea i huraina ki te wāhi tuwhera. Kei reira tonu ngā kōhatu o Stonehenge mai i te wā i whakatūria ai, ā, ka kitea tonutia e te tangata. Kāore i hiahiatia he keri, he hikoinga rānei hei kimi i a Stonehenge nā te mea kāore i ngaro, i huna rānei.

E rua ngā momo kōhatu matua o Stonehenge: ko ngā kōhatu sarsen me ngā kōhatu bluestone. Ko ngā kōhatu nunui he kōhatu sarsen, ā, ko ngā mea iti he bluestone. He ngāwari te kimi i ngā kōhatu sarsen i te taha tonga o Ingarangi.

He ara hīkoi te Huarahi e anga atu ana ki te Awa o Anon, ā, i whakamahia pea mō ngā kaupapa whakanui, mō ngā kawa rānei. Kei te taha o Salisbury Plain i Wiltshire, ā, i kitea i te rautau 18. E toru kiromita te roa o te Huarahi.