Te Wikitōria Parirau o Samothrace: Ngā Parirau o te Kororia o Louvre!

Ko tētahi o ngā whakapakoko Kariki tino ataahua o te Whare Taonga o Louvre ko te Wikitōria Parirau o Samothrace i roto i te Parirau o Denon! Nā Hermann Thiersch i hanga, e whakaatu ana te whakapakoko i te Atua Wahine a Nike me ōna parirau ataahua, ā, i ahu mai i te rautau 2 BC. Me mōhio ngā manuhiri e whakamahere ana ki te tūhura i te whakapakoko mō te wā tuatahi ki ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki tōna hītori, ki ōna tohu, me ētahi atu mea kia whiwhi ai i te haerenga whai kōrero. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka hurahia e mātou te whakapakoko me te rapu i tōna wāhi tika i roto i te Whare Taonga, me te wā pai ki te toro atu me ngā taipitopito tīkiti kia pai ai te wheako pai!

Whakaahuatanga o te Whakapakoko o Nike Pakau

Ko te Wikitōria Parirau o Samothrace e kiia ana ko Nike o Samothrace nā te mea e whakaatu ana i te Atua Wahine o te Wikitōria Kariki, a Nike. E 18 putu me te 3 inihi te teitei, engari nā te mea kei runga i te arawhata e tū ana, he teitei ake te āhua mai i raro! He mea hanga katoa te whakapakoko ki te Māpere Parian mā, te māpere Kariki tino pai, ā, e whakaatu ana i a Nike e tau ana ki runga i te turanga mai i te rere. He whānui ōna parirau, ā, he kākahu roa, rere e mau ana ia e hipoki ana i te haurua o runga me raro o tōna tinana, ka waiho tōna tinana kia tahanga.

Ka tino āta whakairo te kaiwhakairo i ngā ārai katoa o te māpere kia rite ki te kakahu, ā, ka tautuhia hoki te āhua o tōna tinana nā te mea e piri ana ōna kākahu ki tōna tinana! Heoi anō, kāore te pane me ngā waewae e rua o te whakapakoko i te whakapakoko, engari e whakaū ana ngā rangahau i whakatakotoria e Nike te nuinga o tōna taumaha ki te waewae matau, ko tōna waewae maui i totoro whakamuri. Kāore hoki ngā ringa e rua o te whakapakoko, engari ko tōna tūranga pakihiwi e kī ana i ara ake tōna ringa matau. E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau kei te pupuri tōna ringa maui i tētahi pū; heoi, kāore he taunakitanga mō te tūranga o te ringa tuturu.

Ko te nuinga o ngā manuhiri ka titiro noa ki te whakapakoko, ā, ka wareware ki te titiro ki te turanga, he āhuatanga whakahirahira o te whakapakoko! Kei roto te ihu o tētahi kaipuke whawhai Hellenistic, me tōna ihu whaiti he rarangi rua o ngā mokowā mō ngā hoe. He mea hanga tēnei poti ki te māpere hina me ngā rārangi mā, i tangohia mai i ngā rua o Lartos. He ingoa kei runga i tōna mata. Kei te whakaaro koe he aha te momo tikanga whakairo i whakamahia e ngā kaitoi Hellenistic? Pānuihia atu kia mōhio ai koe!

Kei hea te whakapakoko i te Louvre?

Kei roto i te Parirau Denon o te Louvre te whakapakoko o Nike o Samothrace, te Parirau rongonui rawa atu, ā, kī tonu hoki i te tangata. Kei te tihi o te arawhata o Daru te whakapakoko i te Rūma 703 i te taumata tuatahi o te Parirau. He ngāwari te tae atu ki te Parirau Denon mai i te Tomokanga o Porte des Lions, nā te mea ka tae tika atu koe ki konei.

Nā te tūnga o te whakapakoko, ka rite ki te rere makutu i a ia e tū tika ana i mua i te arawhata! He rama matapihi karāhe porowhita kei runga i te whakapakoko hei rama mō te whakapakoko o Nike, he pakitara māpere parauri noa iho kei muri. Ko te āwhata kei te tihi o te arawhata e tino pai ana ki waenganui o te whakapakoko, ā, ka tino ataahua te whakaahua!

Te Wā Pai ki te Haere ki te Parirau o Denon

Nā te mea ko te Parirau o Denon te wāhi e tino torohia ana, me whakamahere pai tō haerenga kia roa ake ai te matakitaki i ngā taipitopito o te whakapakoko. Ka tūtohu mātou kia tūhuratia te Whare Taonga mai i te 9 i te ata ki te 10 i te ata, ā, i waenga i te 3 i te ahiahi me te 5 i te ahiahi i ngā rā wiki. Ko te Parirau te wāhi e iti rawa ana te tangata mai i te 9 i te ata ki te 10 i te ata i ngā wiki mutunga.

Nā te mea he kore utu te whakaurunga, kāore mātou e tūtohu kia toro atu koe ki te whare taonga i muri i te 6 i te ahiahi i te Paraire tuatahi o te marama. Ka kitea e koe te iti rawa o te tangata i roto i te Louvre i ngā Mane me ngā Taite. E tuwhera ana te Parirau o Denon mai i te 9 i te ata ki te 6 i te ahiahi i ngā Mane, Taite, me ngā wiki mutunga, ā, mō ngā hāora roa ake mai i te 8 i te ata ki te 8 i te ahiahi i ngā Wenerei me ngā Paraire. Ka taea e koe te toro atu i tētahi o ēnei rā, haunga ngā Tūrei, ina kati te Whare Taonga.

Mō ētahi atu kōrero mō ngā marama tino pukumahi, tirohia tā mātou tuhinga mō te wā pai rawa atu ki te toro atu ki te Whare Taonga o Louvre kia taea ai e koe te whakamahere i te wheako tino whakamarie!

Ngā Tikiti mō te Whare Taonga o Louvre hei tiro i te Whakapakoko

Me whai tīkiti koe hei tūhura i ngā wāhanga katoa o te Whare Taonga, hei miharo hoki ki te Winged Victory i te Denon Wing. E taunakihia ana ngā tīkiti whakauru paerewa me te urunga kore-raina mō ngā manuhiri e hiahia ana ki te tūhura i tō rātou ake tere tae noa ki te wā kati. €25 te utu mō ngā manuhiri 18 ki te 99 tau te pakeke!

Ka pārekareka hoki ki te hunga e aroha ana ki ngā hītori me ngā mahi toi te haerenga ārahi e rua hāora te roa, e kapi ana i ngā kōrero o mua me te hītori o ngā wāhi rongonui, tae atu ki te whakapakoko o Nike. Ko te utu mō tēnei Haerenga Ārahi ki te Whare Taonga o Louvre he €84 mō ngā manuhiri 18 ki te 99 tau te pakeke, me te €69 mō ngā tamariki 17 tau te pakeke, me raro iho!

Ngā Tikanga Whakairo Hellenistic i Whakamahia mō te Wikitōria Parirau

He aha te mea i tino rongonui ai te tikanga whakairo Kariki? I tino rongonui ia nā te mea he rerekē i ngā momo whakairo tuku iho. I arotahi ki te waihanga i ngā āhua whakamere, whakahihiri me te momo hanganga tinana tūturu e taea anake e ngā tohunga te tārua. Ka kitea tēnei āhuatanga i roto i te whakairo o te Winged Victory, me ōna āhua tinana tūturu, ā, i tāruatia i roto i te nuinga o ngā whakairo o ngā Atua me ngā Atua Wahine!

Ko tētahi atu o ngā āhuatanga i rongonui ai ngā whakairo ko ngā whakairo whakapaipai i mahia ki runga. Ka kitea te mahi toi whakapaipai me te ātaahua i mahia ki te kākahu o Nike i roto i te whakapakoko o te Winged Victory of Samothrace. Ko te papanga i whakairohia ki runga i te whakapakoko i piri ki te tinana hei whakarei ake i tō rātou tinana me ētahi atu āhuatanga, e mōhiotia ana ko te tikanga wet drapery! Ka kitea ngā tikanga rite i whakamahia i roto i ētahi atu whakairo Hellenistic, pērā i a Laocoon & his Sons me Venus de Milo i roto i te Louvre Museum.

Nā wai i hanga te whakapakoko, ā, me pēhea i tae atu ai ki te Louvre?

I te tau 1863, i kitea e Charles Champosieu te Wikitōria Parirau i te Moutere o Samothrace mai i ngā ururua o te Wāhi Tapu o ngā Atua Nui. I kitea e ia te whakapakoko me ngā parirau ataahua me ētahi atu wāhanga pakaru, i mōhio tonu ia ko te Atua Wahine a Nike. I kitea anō e ia he 15 poraka māpere o ngā rahi rerekē e marara ana i te taha o te whakapakoko, i whakaarohia e ia he wāhanga o tētahi whakamaharatanga tangihanga. Kāore a Charles i whakahoki mai i ēnei poraka ki te whare taonga me te whakapakoko.

I tae mai te turanga o te whakapakoko i muri tata mai, i te tau 1875, i te wā i hangaia ai e te tohunga whaipara tangata o Austria, a Alexander Conze, ā, i kite ia he rite ki tētahi kaipuke whawhai. He maha ngā hokinga mai o Champosieu i te tau 1879 ki te rapu i te upoko o te whakapakoko engari kāore i angitu. E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau nō te tau 190 BC te whakapakoko, ā, i hangaia hei whakanui i te wikitoria o tētahi pakanga moana. I hangaia e rātou te whakapakoko hei whakawhetai ki ngā Atua o ngā Moutere, e kiia nei ko ngā Cabeiri, i karakiatia puta noa i Kariki.

I whakatūria te whakapakoko ki te Whare Taonga o Louvre i tōna taenga ki Parani, ā, i neke noa atu i te whenua hei huna i a ia mai i ngā Nazi. Kua tū tonu i roto i te Whare Taonga mai i te tau 1945, i muri i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao! I toro atu a Karl Lehmenn me ētahi atu tohunga whaipara tangata ki te wāhi i te tau 1938, ā, i whakahokia mai e rātou ngā wahi o te nikau matau o Nike me ngā maihao e rua! Ka kitea anō hoki te ringa i roto i te Whare Taonga o Louvre. E rua atu ngā wahi māpere hina i tangohia mai i te takutai i te tau 1952, ā, i tāpirihia ki te turanga i muri i te rangahau. Heoi anō, nā te mea kua rau tau te pakeke o ēnei wahi me te whakapakoko, kāore anō kia kitea he kōrero mō te kaiwhakairo tuturu o te Winged Victory.

Te Whakahoutanga o te Wikitoria o Samothrace

Nā te mea he whakairo tawhito a Nike o Samothrace, he maha ngā whakahoutanga i mahia, i tua atu i te tāpiri i ngā wāhanga ngaro, kia mau tonu ai tōna ataahua. Ko te whakahoutanga tuatahi o te whakapakoko i waenganui i te tau 1864 me te tau 1866 i te wā i whakatikatika ai a Adrien Prevost de Longpereir i ētahi mea, ā, i whakaatuhia te whakapakoko i tōna āhua tūturu. I mahi tahi a Benndorf rāua ko Hauser ki te ako i ngā tūranga me te hanga i tētahi tauira o Nike, me te pupuhi i te pū e puritia ana e ia ki te ringa kotahi, me te whakaara ake i tōna ringa matau. He rite tonu tēnei whakaahua ki te ahua i whakairohia ki muri o tētahi moni Tetradrachm Kariki tawhito.

Heoi, kāore i hangaia anō tēnei whakaahua i te wā i hangaia anō ai te whakapakoko. I whai a Felix Ravaisson Mollien, te kaitiaki o te Whare Taonga o Louvre, i te whakaaro whakaora o Austrian kia tū te whakapakoko ki runga i tētahi kaipuke whawhai hei turanga me ōna parirau e toro atu ana. I waenganui i te tau 1880 me te tau 1883, i whakahokia te wāhi paraikete o ngā whitiki. Nō nā tata nei i hangaia anō e J. McCredie me tana tīma te whakapakoko i roto i te 3D i waenganui i te tau 2008 me te tau 2014! I horoia e rātou tōna mata, ā, i matawaihia kia kitea ai ngā tohu o te peita kikorangi i runga i ngā parirau o Nike me tōna whitiki. I whakatikahia hoki e rātou ētahi wāhanga o te whakapakoko, ā, i tāpirihia he huruhuru ki te tihi o te parirau maui me te kopa kakahu.

I a rātou e whakahou ana i te whakairo, i tangohia e rātou te konganuku i mau ki te waewae maui o Nike. I whakatakotoria ngā poraka māpere me te whakapakoko ki runga i tētahi turanga konganuku, e tū ana i runga i tētahi rango, hei whakanui ake i tō rātou teitei, hei whakarite hoki kia taurite pai!

Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Wikitōria o Samothrace

Whakaahua Matua: Smarthistory.org